keepalived高可用服务工作原理 keepalived高可用对之间是通过VRRP协议通信的,VRRP协议是通过竞选机制来确定主备的,主的优先级高于备,因此,工作时主会获得所有的资源,备节点处于等待状态 keepalived部署 keepalived软件安装部署 lb01 lb02负载服务器上均安装 yum install -y keepalived #两台设备 配置文件 cat /etc/keepalived 配置文件 (lb01) cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs { router_id LVS_01 vrrp_strict systemctl enable keepalived 搭建基础的keepalived配置文件 (lb02) cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs systemctl enable keepalived
如果实在搞不明白负载的那几台哪个是显示网页的哪台,都用ip addr查看一下,虚拟IP在哪台上就是哪台显示网页。
Keepalived Nginx高可用解决方案 Keepalived VRRP介绍 环境搭建 Keepalived配置文件介绍 打开keepalived.conf配置文件 访问测试 keepalived ---- Keepalived 使用Keepalived来解决,Keepalived 软件由 C 编写的,最初是专为 LVS 负载均衡软件设计的,Keepalived 软件主要是通过 VRRP 协议实现高可用功能 keepalived2 Backup keepalived的安装 步骤1:从官方网站下载keepalived,官网地址https://keepalived.org/ 步骤2:将下载的资源上传到服务器 -zxf keepalived-2.0.20.tar.gz -C keepalived/ 步骤5:对keepalived进行配置,编译和安装 cd keepalived/keepalived-2.0.20 keepalived进行关闭,而什么时候关闭keepalived呢?
---- 环境信息 节点 软件 IP 节点A keepalived + tomcat 192.168.126.137 节点B keepalived + tomcat 192.168.126.138 虚拟 IP - 192.168.126.200 ---- 官网 https://keepalived.readthedocs.io/en/latest/# ---- 原理 keepalived用于保证环境高可用 ---- keepalived 安装 两个节点均需要安装, 在137 和 138 节点上安装 ,执行 yum install keepalived 137 安装 keepalived [root@localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[6916]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. [6917]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
首先把keepalived放到容器里了,版本也用了比较新的2.x.x以上 然后使用kubernetes static pod去管理keepalived服务 keepalived放到容器里的好处 安装成功率更高 keepalived在k8s中高可用中的作用 sealos中图中LVS的地方替换成HAproxy了 ? /software/keepalived-2.0.8.tar.gz && tar zxvf keepalived-2.0.8.tar.gz && cd keepalived-2.0.8 && . /configure && make && make install CMD ["keepalived", "-n","--all", "-d", "-D", "-f", "/etc/keepalived /keepalived.conf", 这里需要用-n参数让keepalived在前台启动,之前在前台启动有一些无法执行检测脚本的问题,和官方沟通后解决, 不然可能需要用一些守护进程去守护,就比较恶心了.
更改为如下,多余部分删除,具体含义查看keepalived配置文件详解 (host-1操作) 1.把host-1作为主机器,进行修改配置 vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { #全局配置 router_id lb01 #路由id号,不能重复 } vrrp_instance VI Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id lb02 #更改 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state 测试 1.查看并测试是否通 ip addr ping 192.168.2.99 2.访问web服务器,查看信息是否一样 3.关闭主节点的keepalived服务,看效果 4.再开启,说明优先级生效了 ,keepalived只能做到关闭自身服务方式来切换ip,可以写脚本,当httpd挂掉,就主动关闭keepalived
192.168.2.149 软件 = keepaliveed-1.3.5 httpd-2.4 部署软件 (机器均操作) 1.安装keepavlied yum install keepalived -y #文件 /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf #keepalived服务主配置文件 /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived #服务启动脚本 /etc/sysconfig/keepalived /usr/bin/genhash /usr/libexec/keepalived /usr/sbin/keepalived 2.部署httpd(举例
keepalived的主要作用体现在处理单点故障,像前面我们设置的两台主机,就可以进行故障演练,现在的状态是master主机开启着keepalived: ? ? 接下来关闭master上的keepalived: master上的已经关闭,并且查看ip addr: ? ? 发现已经移除。 反观backup: ?
/configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc · prefix: keepalived 安装的位置 · syscon: keepalived 6、安装 keepalived make && make install 7、进入到 /etc/keepalived, 该目录下为 keepalived 核心配置文件 image.png 如果忘记安装配置的目录 #启动 keepalived systemctl start keepalived #停止 keepalived systemctl stop keepalived #重启 keepalived systemctl restart keepalived 9.3、查看进程 ps -ef|grep keepalived 10、Keepalived 配置 Nginx 自动重启 10.1、增加 Nginx #重启 Keepalived systemctl restart keepalived
前言 Keepalived 作为 LVS 的有效补充可以构建一个高可用的 LB 前端 Keepalived is a routing software written in C. [root@ds1 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! /keepalived.conf ! /keepalived.service ├─4249 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D ├─4250 /usr/sbin/keepalived /keepalived.service ├─4433 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D ├─4434 /usr/sbin/keepalived
Keepalived软件起初是专为LVS负载均衡软件设计的,用来管理并监控LVS集群系统中各个服务节点的状态,后来又加入了可以实现高可用的VRRP功能。 因此,Keepalived除了能够管理LVS软件外,还可以作为其他服务(例如:Nginx、Haproxy、MySQL等)的高可用解决方案软件。 Keepalived采用是模块化设计,不同模块实现不同的功能; keepalived主要有三个模块,分别是core、check和vrrp。 core:是keepalived的核心,负责主进程的启动和维护,全局配置文件的加载解析等 check: 负责healthchecker(健康检查),包括了各种健康检查方式,以及对应的配置的解析包括LVS vrrp:VRRPD子进程,VRRPD子进程就是来实现VRRP协议的 keepalived配置文件: Keepalived配置文件为:keepalived.conf; 主要有三个配置区域,分别是:全局配置
1、keepalived配置包括三个部分: 全局配置 VRRPD配置 LVS配置 2、VRRPD配置: 4、VRRP实例配置: 6、LVS设置:负载均衡用 6、nopreempt
如图,配置的keepalived无法绑定虚ip: 报错信息 报错信息为(VI_HA): ip address associated with VRID 123 not present in MASTER 此问题中忘记了另一个同事也在测HA的稳定性,发现他也在用同样的组播地址和虚拟路由id,我修改之后重启keepalived,完美解决。 keepalived中配置 notify_master "/usr/bin/nohup /var/hms/base_service/ha/script/switch.sh MASTER &" notify_backup "/usr/bin/nohup /var/hms/base_service/ha/script/switch.sh SLAVE &" notify_master和notify_backup在keepalived 而在本示例中,/var/log/message中报错信息如下:Keepalived_vrrp[123535]: Unable to access script `/var/hms/base_service
前言 Keepalived 作为 LVS 的有效补充可以构建一个高可用的 LB 前端 Keepalived is a routing software written in C. LVS 只实现到了四层,Keepalived 可以实现七层的简单检查,Keepalived 可以通过预设的检查逻辑来管理 LVS 配置,从而实现对 LVS 自动且动态的调配,让整个 LB 系统更加灵活且健壮 这里演示一下如何配置 Keepalived 加 LVS 的 TUN 模式 Tip: 当前的版本为 IPVS 1.2.1 和 Keepalived Version 2.0.5 (但是实验环境下,没有使用最新的版本 [root@ds1 ~]# 在 ds2 上也进行相同的操作,以准备好 keepalived 环境 配置 keepalived [root@ds1 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /keepalived.conf !
keepalived介绍 在这里使用keepalived来实现高可用集群,因为heartbeat在centos6上有一些问题,影响实验效果 heartbeat 切换的时候,会不是很及时——>比如:主 已经宕机了,但 从 却一直启动不了,通信会不顺畅,所以不使用 heartbeat keepalived通过VRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocl 中文为:虚拟路由冗余协议 Keepalived要有三个模块,分别是core、check和vrrp。 其中core模块为keepalived的核心,负责主进程的启动、维护以及全局配置文件的加载和解析,check模块负责健康检查,vrrp模块是来实现VRRP协议的。
keepalived介绍 keepalived观察其名可知,保持存活,在网络里面就是保持在线了,也就是所谓的高可用或热备,它集群管理中保证集群高可用的一个服务软件,其功能类似于heartbeat,用来防止单点故障 说到keepalived就不得不说VRRP协议,可以说这个协议就是keepalived实现的基础,那么首先我们来看看VRRP协议。 keepalived工作原理 keepalived可提供vrrp以及health-check功能,可以只用它提供双机浮动的vip(vrrp虚拟路由功能),这样可以简单实现一个双机热备高可用功能;keepalived 下图是keepalived的组件图 ? Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态,如果有一台web服务器死机,或工作出现故障,Keepalived将检测到,并将有故障的web服务器从系统中剔除,当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived
keepalived配置 keepalived双主 haproxy.cfg (http/tcp) haproxy 配置详解 lvs:nat dr tun rr, lc ,wlc,wrr
介绍 Keepalived软件起初是专为LVS负载均衡软件设计的,用来管理并监控LVS集群系统中各个服务节点的状态,后来又加入了可以实现高可用的VRRP功能。 因此,Keepalived除了能够管理LVS软件外,还可以作为其他服务(例如:Nginx、Haproxy、MySQL等)的高可用解决方案软件。 Keepalived软件主要是通过VRRP协议实现高可用功能的。 所以,Keepalived一方面具有配置管理LVS的功能,同时还具有对LVS下面节点进行健康检查的功能,另一方面也可实现系统网络服务的高可用功能。 备节点可以有多个,通过优先级竞选,但一般 Keepalived系统运维工作中都是一对 VRRP使用了加密协议加密数据,但Keepalived官方目前还是推荐用明文的方式配置认证类型和密码 Keepalived
环境 操作系统:CentOS 7 Keepalived版本:1.4.2 准备 下载Keepalived安装包 – 方式一,将下载好的安装包上传至服务器,点击下载:keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz -1.4.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ mkdir /etc/keepalived cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc /keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/sysconfig /keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ 配置文件的修改这里不介绍,根据自己业务需要修改 ,会在本站文章:基于HA机制的Mycat高可用中有介绍 启动验证 systemctl start keepalived 查看状态 systemctl status keepalived
keepalived和之前的lvs不同,它实现了高可用,核心是vrrp协议,即当一个路由器出故障时,可以换一个路由器作为备用,实现路由效果,体现了容错效应,而lvs是实现了高扩展,将一个个的小项目分配到一台台主机上实现一个大项目 首先准备两台主机分别安装keepalived和nginx keepalived的安装很简单,如果不用最新版,可以直接yum install keepalived -y: ? 完成安装。 我们可以将想放进去的文字echo进该目录下并开启服务: 我在这里放的是keepalived文字 ?