为什么Linux发行版之间存在显着的许可证差异

Question

我刚刚从CentOS 8.3安装切换到Debian 10。一旦我的代码开发设置再次到位，我就收集了许可证的详细信息，并注意到常见软件包的许可证有很大的不同。

用于提取这些许可证的命令：

CentOS 8.3: rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}: %{license}\n"
Debian 10: dpkg-licenses  (https://github.com/daald/dpkg-licenses)

差异的例子：

CentOS 8.3: accountsservice-0.6.50: GPLv3+
Debian 10: accountsservice-0.6.45-2: GPL-2+ GPL-3+
   
CentOS 8.3: binutils-2.30: GPLv3+
Debian 10: binutils-2.31.1-16: GFDL GPL LGPL
 
CentOS 8.3: bluez-5.52: GPLv2+
Debian 10: bluez-5.50-1.2~deb10u1: Apache-2.0 BSD-2-clause Expat GPL-2 GPL-2+ LGPL-2.1+

CentOS 8.3: bzip2-1.0.6: BSD
Debian 10: bzip2-1.0.6-9.2~deb10u1: BSD-variant GPL-2

CentOS 8.3: gnupg2-2.2.20: GPLv3+
Debian 10: gnupg2-2.2.12-1+deb10u1: BSD-3-clause CC0-1.0 Expat GPL-3+ GPL-3+ or BSD-3-clause LGPL-2.1+ LGPL-3+ permissive RFC-Reference TinySCHEME

CentOS 8.3: gzip-1.9: GPLv3+ and GFDL
Debian 10: gzip-1.9-3: GPL

CentOS 8.3: iptables-1.8.4: GPLv2 and Artistic 2.0 and ISC
Debian 10: iptables-1.8.2-4: Artistic-2 custom GPL-2 GPL-2+

CentOS 8.3: lsof-4.93.2: zlib and Sendmail and LGPLv2+
Debian 10: lsof-4.91+dfsg-1: BSD-4-clause GPL-2+ LGPL-2+ Purdue sendmail

CentOS 8.3: openssh-server-8.0p1: BSD
Debian 10: openssh-server-1:7.9p1-10+deb10u2: Beer-ware BSD-2-clause BSD-3-clause Expat-with-advertising-restriction Mazieres-BSD-style OpenSSH Powell-BSD-style public-domain

CentOS 8.3: python3-idna-2.5: BSD and Python and Unicode
Debian 10: python3-idna-2.6-1: BSD-3-clause PSF-2 Unicode

有人能解释一下为什么看起来相同的软件包的许可证有很大的不同吗？

我只是举了几个例子。也有具有相同许可证的包。我的期望是随着时间的推移，这些许可证是相当稳定的。

Answer 1

RPM似乎只包含部分许可列表。根据软膜医生，它只包含对二进制部分的许可。Debian似乎更彻底，并且提到了每个文件(如果需要的话)。以下是/usr/share/doc/gnupg/copyright的摘录(由dpkg-许可证读取)

Files: *
Copyright: 1992, 1995-2020, Free Software Foundation, Inc
License: GPL-3+

Files: agent/command.c
 agent/command-ssh.c
 agent/gpg-agent.c
 common/homedir.c
 common/sysutils.c
 g10/mainproc.c
Copyright: 1998-2007, 2009, 2012, Free Software Foundation, Inc
  2013, Werner Koch
License: GPL-3+

Files: autogen.sh
Copyright: 2003, g10 Code GmbH
License: permissive

Files: common/gc-opt-flags.h
 common/i18n.h
 tools/clean-sat.c
 tools/no-libgcrypt.c
Copyright: 1998-2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc
License: permissive

Files: common/localename.c
Copyright: 1985, 1989-1993, 1995-2003, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License: LGPL-2.1+