glPolygonMode没有以正确的模式呈现
glPolygonMode没有以正确的模式呈现
提问于 2018-07-20 14:15:36
我最近开始学习镶嵌，今天我试着画一个又一个三角形，这样我就可以用glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE)看到所有的三角形。但出于某种原因，输出只是一个没有任何三角形的彩色背景。对于这个结构，我做了一个control shader和evaluation shader，然后将它们链接到program。
// Source code for Tesselation Control Shader
static const GLchar * tesselation_control_shader[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout(vertices = 3) out; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" //Only if I am invocation 0 \n"
" if (gl_InvocationID == 0) \n"
" { \n"
" gl_TessLevelInner[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = 5.0; \n"
" } \n"
" \n"
" // Everybody copies their input to their input \n"
" gl_out[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position = \n"
" gl_in[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position; \n"
"} \n"
};
// Source code for tesselation evaluation shader
static const GLchar * tesselation_evaluation_shader[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout(triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" gl_Position = (gl_TessCoord.x * gl_in[0].gl_Position + \n"
" gl_TessCoord.y * gl_in[1].gl_Position + \n"
" gl_TessCoord.z * gl_in[2].gl_Position); \n"
"} \n"
};然后，在使用glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE)绘制三角形之前，在render函数中调用glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE, 0, 3)。我最初以为glPolygonMode默认为GL_FILL，但我不认为这是问题所在，因为我只是在遵循一本书(OpenGL Superbible第7版)。我怎么才能解决这个问题？
编辑：
我在下面添加了我的整个程序的代码：
GLuint compile_shaders(void)
{
GLuint vertex_shader;
GLuint fragment_shader;
GLuint control_shader;
GLuint evaluation_shader;
GLuint program;
// Source code for Vertex Shader
static const GLchar * vertex_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"// offset and color are input vertex attribute \n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec4 offset; \n"
"layout (location = 1) in vec4 color; \n"
" \n"
"//Declare VS_OUT as an output interface block \n"
"out VS_OUT \n"
"{ \n"
" vec4 color; //Send color to next stage \n"
"}vs_out; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" //Decalre a hardcoded array of positions \n"
" const vec4 vertices[3] = vec4[3](vec4(0.25, -0.25, 0.5, 1.0), \n"
" vec4(-0.25, -0.25, 0.5, 1.0), \n"
" vec4(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0)); \n"
" \n"
" //Index into our array using gl_VertexID \n"
" gl_Position = vertices[gl_VertexID] + offset; \n"
" \n"
"//color = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); \n"
"//Output fixed value for vs_color \n"
"vs_out.color = color; \n"
"} \n"
};
// Source code for Fragment Shader
static const GLchar * fragment_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"//Declare VS_OUT as an input interface block \n"
"in VS_OUT \n"
"{ \n"
" vec4 color; //Send color to next stage \n"
"}fs_in; \n"
" \n"
"//Ouput to the framebuffer \n"
"out vec4 color; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
"// Simply assign the color we were given by the vertex shader to our output \n"
" color = fs_in.color; \n"
"} \n"
};
// Source code for Tesselation Control Shader
static const GLchar * tesselation_control_shader[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout(vertices = 3) out; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" //Only if I am invocation 0 \n"
" if (gl_InvocationID == 0) \n"
" { \n"
" gl_TessLevelInner[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = 5.0; \n"
" } \n"
" \n"
" // Everybody copies their input to their input \n"
" gl_out[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position = \n"
" gl_in[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position; \n"
"} \n"
};
// Source code for tesselation evaluation shader
static const GLchar * tesselation_evaluation_shader[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout(triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" gl_Position = (gl_TessCoord.x * gl_in[0].gl_Position + \n"
" gl_TessCoord.y * gl_in[1].gl_Position + \n"
" gl_TessCoord.z * gl_in[2].gl_Position); \n"
"} \n"
};
// Create and compiler Vertex Shader
vertex_shader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertex_shader, 1, vertex_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertex_shader);
// Create and compiler Fragment Shader
fragment_shader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragment_shader, 1, fragment_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragment_shader);
// Create and compile tesselation control shader
control_shader = glCreateShader(GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER);
glShaderSource(control_shader, 1, tesselation_control_shader, NULL);
glCompileShader(control_shader);
// Create and compile tesselation evaluation shader
evaluation_shader = glCreateShader(GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER);
glShaderSource(evaluation_shader, 1, tesselation_control_shader, NULL);
glCompileShader(evaluation_shader);
// Create program, attach shaders to it, and link it
program = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(program, vertex_shader);
glAttachShader(program, fragment_shader);
glAttachShader(program, control_shader);
glAttachShader(program, evaluation_shader);
glLinkProgram(program);
// Delete shaders as program has them now
glDeleteShader(vertex_shader);
glDeleteShader(fragment_shader);
glDeleteShader(control_shader);
glDeleteShader(evaluation_shader);
return program;
};
class TesselationCSOne : public sb7::application
{
public:
void startup()
{
rendering_program = compile_shaders();
glCreateVertexArrays(1, &vertex_array_object);
glBindVertexArray(vertex_array_object);
}
void shutdown()
{
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vertex_array_object);
glDeleteProgram(rendering_program);
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vertex_array_object);
}
// Our rendering function
void render(double currentTime)
{
// Sets colour
static const GLfloat color[] = { (float)sin(currentTime) * 0.5f + 0.5f, (float)sin(currentTime) * 0.5f + 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, color);
//Tell OpenGL to draw only the outlines of the resulting triangle
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
// Use program object we created for rendering
glUseProgram(rendering_program);
GLfloat attrib[] = { 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 };/*{ (float)sin(currentTime) * 0.5f, (float)sin(currentTime) * 0.6f, 0.0f, 0.0f };*/
// Update value of input attribute 0
glVertexAttrib4fv(0, attrib);
// Draw pathes for tesselation shaders
glPatchParameteri(GL_PATCH_VERTICES, 3);
// Draw one triangle
glDrawArrays(GL_PATCHES, 0, 3);
}
private:
GLuint rendering_program;
GLuint vertex_array_object;
};
// Only instance of DECLARE_MAIN to state entry point
DECLARE_MAIN(TesselationCSOne);回答 2
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2018-07-27 13:49:25
因此，在检查了许多源代码和Superbible的代码存储库之后，我意识到我有很多不必要的代码(例如，着色器中的interface blocks )，甚至还有很多错误(例如，我有两个program变量)。
但是，在修复所有这些之后，生成所需输出的代码( tessellated三角形)是：
/**
Program to draw a triangle with tesselation.
**/
#include <sb7.h>
class TesselatedTriangle : public sb7::application
{
void init()
{
static const char title[] = "Tessellated Triangle";
sb7::application::init();
memcpy(info.title, title, sizeof(title));
}
virtual void startup()
{
static const char * vertex_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" const vec4 vertices[] = vec4[](vec4( 0.25, -0.25, 0.5, 1.0), \n"
" vec4(-0.25, -0.25, 0.5, 1.0), \n"
" vec4( 0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0)); \n"
" \n"
" gl_Position = vertices[gl_VertexID]; \n"
"} \n"
};
static const char * tesselation_control_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout (vertices = 3) out; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" if (gl_InvocationID == 0) \n"
" { \n"
" gl_TessLevelInner[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = 5.0; \n"
" gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = 5.0; \n"
" } \n"
" gl_out[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position = gl_in[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position; \n"
"} \n"
};
static const char * tesselation_evaluation_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"layout (triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" gl_Position = (gl_TessCoord.x * gl_in[0].gl_Position) + \n"
" (gl_TessCoord.y * gl_in[1].gl_Position) + \n"
" (gl_TessCoord.z * gl_in[2].gl_Position); \n"
"} \n"
};
static const char * fragment_shader_source[] =
{
"#version 450 core \n"
" \n"
"out vec4 color; \n"
" \n"
"void main(void) \n"
"{ \n"
" color = vec4(0.0, 0.8, 1.0, 1.0); \n"
"} \n"
};
rendering_program = glCreateProgram();
// Compile shaders
GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vs, 1, vertex_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(vs);
GLuint tcs = glCreateShader(GL_TESS_CONTROL_SHADER);
glShaderSource(tcs, 1, tesselation_control_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(tcs);
GLuint tes = glCreateShader(GL_TESS_EVALUATION_SHADER);
glShaderSource(tes, 1, tesselation_evaluation_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(tes);
GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fs, 1, fragment_shader_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(fs);
// Attach shaders to the program
glAttachShader(rendering_program, vs);
glAttachShader(rendering_program, tcs);
glAttachShader(rendering_program, tes);
glAttachShader(rendering_program, fs);
// Link the program
glLinkProgram(rendering_program);
// Generate vertex arrays
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vertex_array_object);
glBindVertexArray(vertex_array_object);
// Declare the drawing mode for the polygons
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
}
virtual void render(double currentTime)
{
static const GLfloat green[] = { 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, green);
glUseProgram(rendering_program);
glDrawArrays(GL_PATCHES, 0, 3);
}
virtual void shutdown()
{
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vertex_array_object);
glDeleteProgram(rendering_program);
}
private:
GLuint rendering_program;
GLuint vertex_array_object;
};
// One and only instance of DECLARE_MAIN
DECLARE_MAIN(TesselatedTriangle)希望这能帮助其他人解决同样的问题。
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2018-07-20 17:29:48
如果你使用镶嵌着色器，那么你必须画补丁。您必须通过glPatchParameteri( GL_PATCH_VERTICES, ...)来设置补丁的大小，并且基本类型必须是GL_PATCHES。
如果一个补丁中的顶点数是3个，那么您必须这样做：
glPatchParameteri(GL_PATCH_VERTICES, 3);
glDrawArrays(GL_PATCHES, 0, 3)请参阅OpenGL 4.6API核心配置文件规范；10.1.15单独补丁；第342页
使用模式
PATCHES指定单独的修补程序。补丁是用于原始镶嵌的顶点的有序集合(第11.2节)。包括补片的顶点没有隐含的几何顺序。贴片的顶点由镶嵌着色器和固定函数拼接器用来生成新的点、线或三角形primitives.void PatchParameteri( enum，int值)； 将名称设置为PATCH_VERTICES
您的着色器程序甚至没有链接，因为片段着色器试图从输入接口块中读取，而输入接口块没有被声明为来自上一个着色器阶段的输出。
您必须将顶点属性通过镶嵌控件和评估着色器传递给片段着色器：
镶嵌控制着色器：
#version 450 core
layout(vertices = 3) out;
in VS_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} tesc_in[];
out TESC_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} tesc_out[];
void main(void)
{
if (gl_InvocationID == 0)
{
gl_TessLevelInner[0] = 5.0;
gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = 5.0;
gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = 5.0;
gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = 5.0;
}
tesc_out[gl_InvocationID].color = tesc_in[gl_InvocationID].color;
gl_out[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position = gl_in[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position;
} 镶嵌评价着色器：
#version 450 core
layout(triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in;
in TESC_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} tese_in[];
out TESE_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} tese_out;
void main(void)
{
tese_out.color = ( gl_TessCoord.x * tese_in[0].color +
gl_TessCoord.y * tese_in[1].color +
gl_TessCoord.z * tese_in[2].color ) / 3.0;
gl_Position = ( gl_TessCoord.x * gl_in[0].gl_Position +
gl_TessCoord.y * gl_in[1].gl_Position +
gl_TessCoord.z * gl_in[2].gl_Position ) / 3.0;
} 碎片着色器：
#version 450 core
in TESE_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} fs_in;
out vec4 color;
void main(void)
{
color = fs_in.color;
} 此外，我建议检查着色器对象是否已成功编译：
GLuint shaderObj = .... ;
glCompileShader( shaderObj );
GLint status = GL_TRUE;
glGetShaderiv( shaderObj, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status );
if ( status == GL_FALSE )
{
GLint logLen;
glGetShaderiv( shaderObj, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &logLen );
std::vector< char >log( logLen );
GLsizei written;
glGetShaderInfoLog( shaderObj, logLen, &written, log.data() );
std::cout << "compile error:" << std::endl << log.data() << std::endl;
}并成功地链接了一个着色器程序对象：
GLuint progObj = ....;
glLinkProgram( progObj );
GLint status = GL_TRUE;
glGetProgramiv( progObj, GL_LINK_STATUS, &status );
if ( status == GL_FALSE )
{
GLint logLen;
glGetProgramiv( progObj, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &logLen );
std::vector< char >log( logLen );
GLsizei written;
glGetProgramInfoLog( progObj, logLen, &written, log.data() );
std::cout << "link error:" << std::endl << log.data() << std::endl;
}顺便说一下，请阅读原始字符串文字，它简化了着色器源代码字符串的声明：
例如：
std::string fragment_shader_source = R"(
#version 450 core
in TESE_OUT
{
vec4 color;
} fs_in;
out vec4 color;
void main(void)
{
color = fs_in.color;
}
)"; 进一步注意，offset可能会将三角形移出视口。要么在属性初始化中更改offset的值：
GLfloat attrib[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 };或删除顶点着色器中的offest，因为调试原因。
gl_Position = vertices[gl_VertexID]; 您必须确保颜色属性也已设置：
GLfloat attrib1[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 };
glVertexAttrib4fv(1, attrib1);结果可能如下：
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51444536
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