如何在巨蟒海龟中使用"if“和"onkeypress”？

Question

“”“

from sys import exit

from turtle import *

from math import sqrt, cos, radians


def tria():
    seth(180)
    fd(radius*sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius *sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius * sqrt(3))
    seth(120)
    circle(radius)
    seth(0)

def rect():
    seth(0)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    seth(0)

def penta():
    seth(-36)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    seth(180)

def hexa():
    seth(-30)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    seth(180)


radius = float(input("Write the radius "))   

screen = getscreen()
shape('turtle')
speed(5)


screen.onkeypress(tria,"3")
screen.onkeypress(reset,"r")
screen.onkeypress(exit,"q")
screen.onkeypress(exit,"q")
if (screen.onkeypress(None,'4')):
        rect()
        if (screen.onkeypress(None,'o')):
            seth(120)
            circle(radius)
            seth(0)

screen.listen()
screen.mainloop()

“”“

错误: jinhojeon@jinui-MacBookAir jinhojeon % python polygons2.py写半径100 2021-06-30 18:10:06.982 python10480:325389 TSM AdjustCapsLockLEDForKeyTransitionHandling - _ISSetPhysicalKeyboardCapsLockLED抑制异常

问:要分开两个动作，画多边形，用按键画外圆。例如，按'4'，画长方形，然后按'o'，画它的外圆。如果它不起作用的话，我希望你能告诉我。

问题:不知道如何在python和Mac os中调用press-key的str或ascii。我也不知道它是否有效，即使我可以"if ~~ == 'o': onkeypress(outer_rect,'o')。

如我所知，当读取适当的键时，onkeypress上的函数就意味着“有趣”。我以前在谷歌上搜索过，但是，"msvcrt“在Mac上不起作用。任何人都知道如何在使用mac的python中获得str或ascii的按键，或者如何将它们很好地分开。如果你能和我分享你的知识，我会非常感激的。

如果我的话含糊不清，我真的很感谢你指出哪些是模糊的。

我的解决方案如下。我注意到长方形的外圆和其他的是不同的。如何更改代码，如按'4‘->按’o‘(离开循环) ->，如果不按->返回循环->？：期望按相同的按钮'o'，但输出不同

from sys import exit
from turtle import *
from math import sqrt, cos, radians

def tria():
    speed(6)
    seth(180)
    fd(radius*sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius *sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius * sqrt(3))
    seth(120)
  

def rect():
    speed(6)
    seth(0)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    seth(0)

def penta():
    speed(6)
    seth(-36)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    seth(180)

def hexa():
    speed(6)
    seth(-30)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    seth(180)

def one():
    speed(6)
    seth(225)
    circle(radius)
    seth(0)

def outercircle():
    speed(6)
    circle(radius)
    seth(0)

radius = float(input("Write the radius "))   

screen = getscreen()
shape('turtle')
speed(6)

screen.listen()
screen.onkeypress(reset,"r")
screen.onkeypress(exit,"q")
screen.onkeypress(tria,"3")
screen.onkeypress(rect,'4')
screen.onkeypress(penta,'5')
screen.onkeypress(hexa,'6')
screen.onkeypress(one,'o')
screen.onkeypress(outercircle,'C')

    

screen.mainloop()

Answer 1

很难理解。希望你把键盘问题弄清楚了。

我以为它是一只未绑定的海龟，然后我意识到你使用了from turtle import *，我想它允许你输入命令，而不需要声明海龟实例。然后，我以为您在说它需要screen.listen()，但它是在而不是中输入的，而我正是在那里预料到的。我以为那会在你的钥匙绑定下。不管怎么说都行。

所以，您真正的问题是如何跟踪当前的绘图风格，然后为其设置一个圆圈。只需设置一个全局，并使用如果-然后。

编辑： Yea，您需要做一些类似于这里的答案，Python Turtle screen.onkey()来打印出关键符号，并确定哪一个是必需的。然后把它输入你的脚本中。组合体应该是这样的，Tkinter keybinding for Control-Shift-Tab

#! /usr/bin/env python3

from sys import exit
from turtle import *
from math import sqrt, cos, radians

current = None

def tria():
    global current ; current = 'tria'
    speed(6)
    seth(180)
    fd(radius*sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius *sqrt(3))
    lt(120)
    fd(radius * sqrt(3))
    seth(120)


def rect():
    global current ; current = 'rect'
    speed(6)
    seth(0)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    rt(90)
    fd(radius * sqrt(2))
    seth(0)

def penta():
    global current ; current = 'penta'
    speed(6)
    seth(-36)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    rt(72)
    fd(cos(radians(54))*radius*2)
    seth(180)

def hexa():
    global current ; current = 'hexa'
    speed(6)
    seth(-30)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    rt(60)
    fd(radius)
    seth(180)

def one():
    global current ; current = 'one'
    speed(6)
    seth(225)
    circle(radius)
    seth(0)

def outercircle():
    if current == 'tria':
        seth(120)
        speed(6)
        circle(radius)
        seth(0)
    if current == 'rect':
        seth(224)
        speed(6)
        circle(radius *1.01)
        seth(0)
    else:
        speed(6)
        circle(radius)
        seth(0)

def test( event ):  ##  print keysymbols, so you can see which to use
    print('test event:', event)
    print('test keysym:', event.keysym)
    print('test state:', event.state)
    print('test Ctrl :', bool(event.state & 4))
    print('test Shift:', bool(event.state & 1))
    print('test Alt  :', bool(event.state & 8))
    print('---')

radius = float(input("Write the radius "))   

screen = getscreen()
canvas = screen.getcanvas()  ##  get the raw tkinter canvas
shape('turtle')
speed(6)

screen.listen()
screen.onkeypress(reset,"r")
screen.onkeypress(exit,"q")
screen.onkeypress(tria,"3")
screen.onkeypress(rect,'4')
screen.onkeypress(penta,'5')
screen.onkeypress(hexa,'6')
screen.onkeypress(one,'o')
screen.onkeypress(outercircle,'c')
canvas.bind( '<KeyPress>', test )  ##  bind any unbound keys to the test() function

screen.mainloop()