如何在Rust中打印字节变量

Question

我目前正在从事一个密码学项目，我对Rust还不熟悉，我现在对如何打印这些公钥和私钥感到非常困惑。

目标：打印出私钥和公钥，这样我就可以看到它了。

锈蚀码

pub use pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::{
    public_key_bytes as public_key_bytes,
    secret_key_bytes as secret_key_bytes, 
    signature_bytes as signature_bytes,
    verify_detached_signature as verify_detached_signature,
    detached_sign as detached_sign,
    keypair as keypair,
    open as open,
    sign as sign,
};

fn main () {
    let (public_key, private_key) = keypair();
    // Print variable here...
}

Cargo.toml

[package]
name = "project"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

[dependencies]
pqcrypto-dilithium = "0.4.5"

错误

    error[E0277]: `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey` doesn't implement `Debug`
  --> src\main.rs:14:23
   |
14 |     println!("{:#?}", public_key)
   |                       ^^^^^^^^^^ `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey` cannot be formatted using `{:?}` because it doesn't implement `Debug`
   |
   = help: the trait `Debug` is not implemented for `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey`
   = note: this error originates in the macro `$crate::format_args_nl` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)

For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.

使用cargo run运行此代码

Answer 1

为了打印具有{:?}格式占位符的任何类型的实例，该类型必须实现Debug特性。这个特性告诉铁锈如何显示实例的内容。

PublicKey和SecretKey类型都不直接实现Debug。但是，它们都有公开包含键的u8片的方法：as_bytes方法。

注意，as_bytes()方法是特征pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey的一部分。为了使用属性方法，您需要在作用域中具有该特性，因此必须在源文件中对其进行use。

片implement Debug只要片元素实现Debug，哪个u8 does，就可以打印u8片。

use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey;

//...

println!("Public key: {:#?}", public_key.as_bytes());

Answer 2

对我来说，解决办法如下

1. 添加pqcrypto-traits = "0.3.4" to Cargo.toml，并使用pub use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey;保存.toml文件.
2. ，并保存.rs文件.

如果您对Sha256::new()有问题，请将pub use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey;放在该行下面。这就是对我起作用的东西。