Flutter 与开源鸿蒙（OpenHarmony）测试体系构建：从单元测试到真机自动化的一站式质量保障方案

graph TD
  A[UI 自动化测试<br>（真机/HAP）] -->|5%| B[集成测试<br>（Dart + Plugin）]
  B -->|20%| C[单元测试<br>（纯 Dart 逻辑）]
  C -->|75%| D[静态分析 & Lint]

test/
├── core/
│   └── device_manager_test.dart   ← 业务逻辑
├── services/
│   └── ohos_bridge_test.dart      ← 插件接口 Mock
└── utils/
    └── date_formatter_test.dart

// ohos_bridge_test.dart
import 'package:mockito/mockito.dart';

class MockOhosBridge extends Mock implements OhosBridge {}

void main() {
  late MockOhosBridge mockBridge;
  
  setUp(() {
    mockBridge = MockOhosBridge();
    // 注入 Mock 到业务类
    DeviceManager().bridge = mockBridge;
  });

  test('turn on light should call bridge', () async {
    when(mockBridge.turnOn('light_01')).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
    
    await DeviceManager().toggleDevice('light_01');
    
    verify(mockBridge.turnOn('light_01')).called(1);
  });
}

# 运行测试
flutter test

# 生成覆盖率报告
flutter test --coverage
genhtml coverage/lcov.info -o coverage/html

import { describe, it, expect } from '@ohos/hypium';

describe('SensorPlugin NAPI Test', function () {
  it('should return valid accelerometer data', async (done) => {
    const result = await callNapiMethod('startAccelerometer');
    expect(result.x).toBeNumber();
    expect(result.y).toBeNumber();
    expect(result.z).toBeNumber();
    done();
  });
});

// integration_test/device_flow_test.dart
import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  testWidgets('Control light flow', (tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(const MyApp());
    await tester.tap(find.text('客厅灯'));
    await tester.pumpAndSettle();

    // 验证状态变更
    expect(find.text('已开启'), findsOneWidget);
    
    // 验证底层调用（通过 Mock）
    verify(mockBridge.turnOn('living_room_light')).called(1);
  });
}

flutter drive --driver=test_driver/integration_test.dart \
              --target=integration_test/device_flow_test.dart

#!/bin/bash
# test_hap_install.sh
devices=("phone_rk3568" "tablet_hi3516" "watch_bes2600")

for device in "${devices[@]}"; do
  echo "Testing on $device"
  hdc -t $device shell bm install -p entry.hap
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "❌ Install failed on $device"
    exit 1
  fi
done
echo "✅ All devices passed"

ohos-api-check --hap=entry.hap --target-sdk=4.1

[WARN] Used @ohos.bluetooth v3.2, but minSdkVersion=3.1 → Risk on old devices
[OK] All permissions declared

import { driver, By } from '@ohos/uiTest';

export default async function () {
  const d = driver();
  await d.gotoApp('com.example.smarthome');

  // 点击“客厅灯”卡片
  const lightCard = await d.findComponent(By.text('客厅灯'));
  await lightCard.click();

  // 验证开关状态
  const status = await d.findComponent(By.text('已开启'));
  expect(status.exists()).toBeTruthy();
}

Semantics(
  container: true,
  label: 'test.light.switch',
  child: Switch(...),
)

d.findComponent(By.accessibilityLabel('test.light.switch'))

name: OHOS Flutter Test Pipeline
on: [push]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      
      - name: Setup Flutter & OHOS CLI
        run: |
          flutter pub get
          npm install -g @ohos/flutter-cli

      - name: Run Unit Tests
        run: flutter test --coverage

      - name: Build HAP
        run: ohos-flutter build --release

      - name: Run Integration Tests (Emulator)
        run: ohos-flutter test --device emulator-phone

      - name: Upload Coverage Report
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
        with:
          file: ./coverage/lcov.info

// 在测试环境中替换 DSoftBus 实现
class MockDSoftBus extends DSoftBus {
  @override
  Future<void> sendCommand(String deviceId, String cmd) async {
    if (deviceId == 'faulty_device') {
      throw NetworkException('DSoftBus timeout');
    }
    // 正常逻辑
  }
}

// 测试异常处理
test('should show error toast on network failure', () {
  final manager = DeviceManager(bridge: MockDSoftBus());
  manager.toggleDevice('faulty_device');
  expect(toastMessage, '设备无响应，请检查网络');
});