如何沿时间线创建事件的可视化？

Question

我正在使用Python构建可视化。在那里，我想要可视化的油站和我的汽车的燃料成本。此外，洗车和它们的成本应该像维修一样可视化。燃料费和洗衣费应该有一个更高的门槛，这取决于成本。我创建了下面的可视化来描述这些概念。

如何使用matplotlib创建这样的可视化？

这是正在构建的可视化：

​

​

Answer 1

是的，这种可视化在matplotlib中是完全可能的。为了存储数据，numpy数组通常非常方便。

下面是一些帮助您入门的代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

refuel_km = np.array([0, 505.4, 1070, 1690])
refuel_cost = np.array([40.1, 50, 63, 55])

carwash_km = np.array([302.0, 605.4, 901, 1331, 1788.2])
carwash_cost = np.array([35.0, 40.0, 35.0, 35.0, 35.0])

repair_km = np.array([788.0, 1605.4])
repair_cost = np.array([135.0, 74.5])

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12,3))

plt.scatter(refuel_km, np.full_like(refuel_km, 0), marker='o', s=100, color='lime', edgecolors='black', zorder=3, label='refuel')
plt.bar(refuel_km, refuel_cost, bottom=15, color='lime', ec='black', width=20, label='refuel cost')

plt.scatter(carwash_km, np.full_like(carwash_km, 0), marker='d', s=100, color='tomato', edgecolors='black', zorder=3, label='car wash')
plt.bar(carwash_km, -carwash_cost, bottom=-15, color='tomato', ec='black', width=20, label='car wash cost')

plt.scatter(repair_km, np.full_like(repair_km, 0), marker='^', s=100, color='lightblue', edgecolors='black', zorder=3, label='car repair')
#plt.bar(repair_km, -repair_cost, bottom=-15, color='lightblue', ec='black', width=20)

ax.spines['bottom'].set_position('zero')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['left'].set_color('none')
ax.tick_params(axis='x', length=20)
ax.set_yticks([])  # turn off the yticks

_, xmax = ax.get_xlim()
ymin, ymax = ax.get_ylim()
ax.set_xlim(-15, xmax)
ax.set_ylim(ymin, ymax+25) # make room for the legend
ax.text(xmax, -5, "km", ha='right', va='top', size=14)
plt.legend(ncol=5, loc='upper left')

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

​

​