Scala: List[Future] to Future[List]忽略失败的未来

Question

我正在寻找一种方法，将任意长度的未来列表转换为未来列表。我使用的是Playframework，所以归根结底，我真正想要的是一个Future[Result]，但为了让事情更简单，让我们说Future[List[Int]]通常的方法是使用Future.sequence(...)，但有一个问题……我得到的列表中通常有大约10-20个期货，其中一个期货失败的情况并不少见(他们正在发出外部web服务请求)。而不是在其中一个失败的情况下重试所有的，我希望能够获得成功的并返回这些成功的。

例如，执行以下操作不起作用

import scala.concurrent._
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global
import scala.util.Success
import scala.util.Failure

val listOfFutures = Future.successful(1) :: Future.failed(new Exception("Failure")) :: 
                    Future.successful(3) :: Nil

val futureOfList = Future.sequence(listOfFutures)

futureOfList onComplete {
  case Success(x) => println("Success!!! " + x)
  case Failure(ex) => println("Failed !!! " + ex)
}

scala> Failed !!! java.lang.Exception: Failure

我不想得到唯一的异常，而是希望能够从那里提取1和3。我尝试使用Future.fold，但这显然只是在幕后调用Future.sequence。

提前感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

Scala2.12对Future.transform进行了改进，使其代码更少。

val futures = Seq(Future{1},Future{throw new Exception})

// instead of `map` and `recover`, use `transform`
val seq = Future.sequence(futures.map(_.transform(Success(_)))) 

val successes = seq.map(_.collect{case Success(x)=>x})
successes
//res1: Future[Seq[Int]] = Future(Success(List(1)))

val failures = seq.map(_.collect{case Failure(x)=>x})
failures
//res2: Future[Seq[Throwable]] = Future(Success(List(java.lang.Exception)))

Answer 2

我尝试了Kevin的答案，在我的Scala版本(2.11.5)上遇到了一个小故障……我更正了这一点，并编写了一些额外的测试，如果有人感兴趣的话……这是我的版本>

implicit class FutureCompanionOps(val f: Future.type) extends AnyVal {

    /** Given a list of futures `fs`, returns the future holding the list of Try's of the futures from `fs`.
      * The returned future is completed only once all of the futures in `fs` have been completed.
      */
    def allAsTrys[T](fItems: /* future items */ List[Future[T]]): Future[List[Try[T]]] = {
      val listOfFutureTrys: List[Future[Try[T]]] = fItems.map(futureToFutureTry)
      Future.sequence(listOfFutureTrys)
    }

    def futureToFutureTry[T](f: Future[T]): Future[Try[T]] = {
      f.map(Success(_)) .recover({case x => Failure(x)})
    }

    def allFailedAsTrys[T](fItems: /* future items */ List[Future[T]]): Future[List[Try[T]]] = {
      allAsTrys(fItems).map(_.filter(_.isFailure))
    }

    def allSucceededAsTrys[T](fItems: /* future items */ List[Future[T]]): Future[List[Try[T]]] = {
      allAsTrys(fItems).map(_.filter(_.isSuccess))
    }
}


// Tests... 



  // allAsTrys tests
  //
  test("futureToFutureTry returns Success if no exception") {
    val future =  Future.futureToFutureTry(Future{"mouse"})
    Thread.sleep(0, 100)
    val futureValue = future.value
    assert(futureValue == Some(Success(Success("mouse"))))
  }
  test("futureToFutureTry returns Failure if exception thrown") {
    val future =  Future.futureToFutureTry(Future{throw new IllegalStateException("bad news")})
    Thread.sleep(5)            // need to sleep a LOT longer to get Exception from failure case... interesting.....
    val futureValue = future.value

    assertResult(true) {
      futureValue match {
        case Some(Success(Failure(error: IllegalStateException)))  => true
      }
    }
  }
  test("Future.allAsTrys returns Nil given Nil list as input") {
    val future =  Future.allAsTrys(Nil)
    assert ( Await.result(future, 100 nanosecond).isEmpty )
  }
  test("Future.allAsTrys returns successful item even if preceded by failing item") {
    val future1 =  Future{throw new IllegalStateException("bad news")}
    var future2 = Future{"dog"}

    val futureListOfTrys =  Future.allAsTrys(List(future1,future2))
    val listOfTrys =  Await.result(futureListOfTrys, 10 milli)
    System.out.println("successItem:" + listOfTrys);

    assert(listOfTrys(0).failed.get.getMessage.contains("bad news"))
    assert(listOfTrys(1) == Success("dog"))
  }
  test("Future.allAsTrys returns successful item even if followed by failing item") {
    var future1 = Future{"dog"}
    val future2 =  Future{throw new IllegalStateException("bad news")}

    val futureListOfTrys =  Future.allAsTrys(List(future1,future2))
    val listOfTrys =  Await.result(futureListOfTrys,  10 milli)
    System.out.println("successItem:" + listOfTrys);

    assert(listOfTrys(1).failed.get.getMessage.contains("bad news"))
    assert(listOfTrys(0) == Success("dog"))
  }
  test("Future.allFailedAsTrys returns the failed item and only that item") {
    var future1 = Future{"dog"}
    val future2 =  Future{throw new IllegalStateException("bad news")}

    val futureListOfTrys =  Future.allFailedAsTrys(List(future1,future2))
    val listOfTrys =  Await.result(futureListOfTrys,  10 milli)
    assert(listOfTrys(0).failed.get.getMessage.contains("bad news"))
    assert(listOfTrys.size == 1)
  }
  test("Future.allSucceededAsTrys returns the succeeded item and only that item") {
    var future1 = Future{"dog"}
    val future2 =  Future{throw new IllegalStateException("bad news")}

    val futureListOfTrys =  Future.allSucceededAsTrys(List(future1,future2))
    val listOfTrys =  Await.result(futureListOfTrys,  10 milli)
    assert(listOfTrys(0) == Success("dog"))
    assert(listOfTrys.size == 1)
  }

Answer 3

我刚刚遇到了这个问题，并提供了另一个解决方案：

def allSuccessful[A, M[X] <: TraversableOnce[X]](in: M[Future[A]])
                                                (implicit cbf: CanBuildFrom[M[Future[A]], A, M[A]], 
                                                 executor: ExecutionContext): Future[M[A]] = {
    in.foldLeft(Future.successful(cbf(in))) {
      (fr, fa) ⇒ (for (r ← fr; a ← fa) yield r += a) fallbackTo fr
    } map (_.result())
}

这里的想法是，在文件夹中，您正在等待列表中的下一个元素完成(使用for - complete语法)，如果下一个元素失败，您只需回退到已有的元素即可。