CUDA我的共享内存代码不工作，我遗漏了什么？

Question

我正在尝试实现动态共享内存，但它不起作用。请检查代码并告诉我我遗漏了什么-问题似乎与gpu_configuration ()有关。

下面是一个基本的动态共享内存代码。我已经将其与https://github.com/NVIDIA-developer-blog/code-samples/blob/master/series/cuda-cpp/shared-memory/shared-memory.cu进行了比较，但找不到缺少的部分。

如果我要删除函数gpu_configuration ()，它工作得很好，但是我在那里使用函数gpu_configuration进行了非法的内存访问。我将此函数用作另一段代码的一部分，在那里一切正常。

我在Kubuntu14.4，CUDA7.0上使用的是Quadro2000卡--卡的详细信息由gpu_configuration打印出来，并在下面列出。

顺便说一句，共享内存.cu代码在我的机器上运行良好，所以它不是卡或共享内存的问题。

#include <stdio.h>
inline void gpuAssert (cudaError_t code, const char *file, const char *func, int line);
typedef struct gpu_config {
    int     n_threads;  // execution of kernel with given index
    int     n_blocks;   // bundle of threads - also warp size
    int     n_grid;     // bundle of blocks
    int     dev_count;  // number of cuda devices
    size_t  shmem;      // sh_mem per block
    size_t  free_mem;   // free memory on the card
    size_t  tot_mem;    // total memory on the card
    struct  cudaDeviceProp  dev_prop;   // device properties
} gpu_config;

#define CUDA_GLOBAL_CHECK {gpuErrChk (cudaPeekAtLastError ()); gpuErrChk (cudaDeviceSynchronize ());}
#define gpuErrChk(ans)      {gpuAssert((ans), \
__FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);}
#define CudaDbgPrn(M, ...)  {printf ("DevDEBUG:%s:%s:%d: " M "\n", \
    __FILE__, __func__, (int) __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__);}
#define Dbg(M, ...)     fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG %s:%s:%d: " M "\n", __FILE__, \
    __func__, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
inline void gpuAssert (cudaError_t code, const char *file, const char *func, int line)
{
    if (code != cudaSuccess) {
        fprintf(stderr,"CUDA call from file:%s func:%s %d: %s:%s failed\n", file, func, line, cudaGetErrorName(code), cudaGetErrorString(code));
        exit (code);
    }
}

static void gpu_configuration (gpu_config *gc);
static void gpu_configuration (gpu_config *gc)
{
    int i = 0;
    gpuErrChk (cudaDeviceReset ());     // reset device

    gpuErrChk (cudaGetDeviceCount (&gc -> dev_count));
    Dbg("Device count %d", gc -> dev_count);

    gpuErrChk (cudaGetDeviceProperties (&(gc -> dev_prop), i));
    gc -> n_threads = gc -> dev_prop.maxThreadsPerBlock;
    gc -> n_blocks = gc -> dev_prop.warpSize;
    dim3 block (gc -> n_blocks);
    gc -> n_grid = (gc -> n_blocks + block.x - 1) / block.x;

    gc -> shmem = gc -> dev_prop.sharedMemPerBlock;
    gpuErrChk (cudaMemGetInfo (&(gc -> free_mem), &(gc -> tot_mem)));

    Dbg ("Dev prop name: %s, tot_mem: %u sharedMemPerBlock %u\nwarpSize %d maxThreadsPerBlock %d\nmaxthreads per mprocessor %d",
    gc -> dev_prop.name, (unsigned) gc -> dev_prop.totalGlobalMem,
    (unsigned) gc -> dev_prop.sharedMemPerBlock,
    gc -> dev_prop.warpSize, gc -> dev_prop.maxThreadsPerBlock,
    gc -> dev_prop.maxThreadsPerMultiProcessor);
}

#define         MAX_SIZE        4000
#define         NUM             2
// #define          NUM         32

__global__ void kernel(int *d_data)
{
    extern __shared__ int sdata[];

    sdata[threadIdx.x] = threadIdx.x;
    __syncthreads ();

    CudaDbgPrn ("sdata [%u]=%u", (unsigned) threadIdx.x, (unsigned) sdata[threadIdx.x]);
    CudaDbgPrn ("d_data [%u]=%u", (unsigned) threadIdx.x, (unsigned) d_data[threadIdx.x]);
    d_data[threadIdx.x] = sdata[threadIdx.x];

    CudaDbgPrn ("sdata [%u]=%u d_data [%u]=%u", (unsigned) threadIdx.x, (unsigned) sdata[threadIdx.x], (unsigned) threadIdx.x, (unsigned) d_data[threadIdx.x]);
}

int main()
{
    int *d_data;
    gpuErrChk (cudaMalloc ((void**)&d_data, sizeof(int) * MAX_SIZE));
    gpuErrChk (cudaMemset (d_data, '\0', sizeof(int) * MAX_SIZE));

    gpu_config gc;
    gpu_configuration (&gc);

    kernel<<<1, NUM, (NUM * sizeof (int))>>> (d_data);
    CUDA_GLOBAL_CHECK;

    cudaFree(d_data);
    return 0;
}

下面是我在命令行中得到的结果：

rinka@Desktop:~/Documents/dev/code$ nvcc -Xptxas -v shmem_test.cu -o shmem
ptxas info    : 139 bytes gmem, 40 bytes cmem[14]
ptxas info    : Compiling entry function '_Z6kernelPi' for 'sm_20'
ptxas info    : Function properties for _Z6kernelPi
    40 bytes stack frame, 0 bytes spill stores, 0 bytes spill loads
ptxas info    : Used 21 registers, 40 bytes cmem[0]

rinka@Desktop:~/Documents/dev/code$ ./shmem
DEBUG shmem_test.cu:gpu_configuration:36: Device count 1
DEBUG shmem_test.cu:gpu_configuration:51: Dev prop name: Quadro 2000, tot_mem: 1073414144 sharedMemPerBlock 49152
warpSize 32 maxThreadsPerBlock 1024
maxthreads per mprocessor 1536
DevDEBUG:shmem_test.cu:kernel:65: sdata [0]=0
DevDEBUG:shmem_test.cu:kernel:65: sdata [1]=1
CUDA call from file:shmem_test.cu func:main 82: cudaErrorIllegalAddress:an illegal memory access was encountered failed

Answer 1

当您调用gpu_configuration(&gc)时，它内部的cudaDeviceReset()调用将释放当前设备上以前分配的所有内存。因此，d_data变得无效并导致内核失败。

您可以删除cudaDeviceReset()调用来解决此问题。或者，gpu_configuration调用应该是程序中的第一个函数调用，以便后续的内存分配保持有效。