找不到cairo.h

Question

常见的问题，但到目前为止我还没有解决方案-所以也许你可以帮助一个在IT方面经验相当少的迷路的生物信息学家。我需要在我的mac Big Sur 11.5.1上的R环境(R版本4.1.1)中安装Cairo，并得到以下错误：

> install.packages("Cairo")
...
checking for pkg-config... /usr/local/bin/pkg-config
checking whether pkg-config knows about cairo... no
configure: CAIRO_LIBS is unset, attempting to guess it.
configure: CAIRO_CFLAGS=
checking if R was compiled with the RConn patch... no
checking cairo.h usability... no
checking cairo.h presence... no
checking for cairo.h... no
configure: error: Cannot find cairo.h! Please install cairo (http://www.cairographics.org/) and/or set CAIRO_CFLAGS/LIBS correspondingly.
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘Cairo’
* removing ‘/Users/thomaslordick/opt/anaconda3/envs/seurat4/lib/R/library/Cairo’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/private/var/folders/48/5h26d5297_92l76cvyjqvk2h0000gp/T/RtmpD4g5aI/downloaded_packages’
Updating HTML index of packages in '.Library'
Making 'packages.html' ... done
Warnmeldung:
In install.packages("Cairo") :
  installation of package ‘Cairo’ had non-zero exit status

我已经通过sudo port install cairo安装了cairo-devel，通过brew安装了cairo，还查看了类似的线程(https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-help/2014-April/374096.html)，人们推荐：

*确保已安装cairo-devel，并删除行

导出本地{HOME}/usr/local/lib导出CAIRO_CFLAGS=${HOME}/usr/local/include

来自您的.bashrc文件。*

使用ls -la ~/时找不到.bashrc文件...。

根据上面提到的错误，我需要指定CAIRO_LIBS和CAIRO_CFLAGS。但是我可以在哪里做到这一点呢？

提前谢谢你，托马斯

Answer 1

如果在R环境中使用Conda，您最好避免使用install.packages，而应始终通过Conda进行安装。CRAN的Cairo包在Conda Forge上通过r-cairo发布。所以,

conda install -n seurat4 -c conda-forge r-cairo