如何使用chai或chai-as-promised for async函数测试抛出的错误？

Question

我有一个如下的函数：

async foo() : Promise<Object> { 
   if(...) throw new Error
}

我该如何测试错误是否被抛出呢？目前我正在做这件事：

it("testing for error thrown", async function () {
   expect(async() => await foo()).to.throw(Error)
})

Answer 1

您可以这样做，如果抛出错误，测试将失败。

const foo = async (): Promise<Object> => {
  // If you want the test to fail increase x to 11
  const x = 0
  if (x > 10) {
    throw Error('Test will fail')
  }
  // Add meaningful code this is just an example
  return { some: 'object' }
}

it('testing for error thrown', async () => {
  const object = await foo()
  expect(object).toEqual({ some: 'object' })
})

Answer 2

试试这个：

it("testing for error thrown", async function () {
   await expect(foo()).rejects.toThrow(Error)
})

Answer 3

由于您提到了chai-as-promised，因此您可以使用以下两种方法之一：

expect(promise).to.eventually.be.rejected

或者：

promise.should.be.rejected

还有rejectedWith()，它可以让你指定错误类/构造函数。

下面是一个演示：

​

mocha.setup('bdd');
mocha.checkLeaks();

let { expect } = chai;
chai.should();
let chaiAsPromised = module.exports; /* hack due to lack of UMD file, only for SO */
chai.use(chaiAsPromised);

async function foo(){ 
   throw new Error();
}

describe('Asynchronous Function', function(){
  it('Expect and Eventually', function(){
      return expect(foo()).to.eventually.be.rejected;
  })
  
  it('With Should', function(){
      return foo().should.be.rejected;
  });
});

mocha.run();

.as-console {
   display: none !important;
}

<script>
window.module = {}; function require(){ return {} }; /* hack due to lack of UMD file, only for SO */
</script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chai-as-promised@7.1.1/lib/chai-as-promised.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mocha/9.1.1/mocha.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/chai@4.3.4/chai.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/mocha/mocha.css" />
<div id="mocha"></div>

​