用Python分割/切分文本文件

Question

我正在学习python，我一直在尝试将这个txt文件分成多个文件，这些文件通过每行开头的一个切片字符串进行分组。

目前我有两个问题：

1-字符串可以有5个或6个字符，末尾用空格标记。(如WSON33和JHSF3等...)

下面是我要拆分的文件的示例(第一行是标题)：

H24/06/202000003TORDISTD 
BWSON33      0803805000000000016400000003250C000002980002415324C1 0000000000000000
BJHSF3       0804608800000000003500000000715V000020280000031810C1 0000000000000000

2-我带了很多代码，但我不能把所有的东西都放在一起，这样就可以工作了：

这段代码我改编自另一篇文章，它可以分解成多个文件，但在我开始写文件之前，它需要对行进行排序，我还需要复制每个文件中的头文件，而不是将其孤立在一个文件中。

with open('tordist.txt', 'r') as fin:

# group each line in input file by first part of split
for i, (k, g) in enumerate(itertools.groupby(fin, lambda l: l.split()[0]),1):
    # create file to write to suffixed with group number - start = 1
    with open('{0} tordist.txt'.format(i), 'w') as fout:
        
        # for each line in group write it to file
        for line in g:
            fout.write(line.strip() + '\n')

Answer 1

因此，据我所知，您有一个包含许多行的文本文件，其中每行都以5到6个字符的短字符串开头。这听起来像是希望所有以相同字符串开头的行都放到同一个文件中，这样在代码运行后，新文件的数量与唯一的起始字符串数量一样多。这是准确的吗？

和您一样，我也是python的新手，所以我相信有更简洁的方法可以做到这一点。下面的代码多次遍历该文件，并在文本和python文件所在的文件夹中创建新文件。

# code which separates lines in a file by an identifier,
#and makes new files for each identifier group

filename = input('type filename')
if len(filename) < 1:
  filename = "mk_newfiles.txt"
filehandle = open(filename)

#This chunck loops through the file, looking at the beginning of each line,
#and adding it to a list of identifiers if it is not on the list already.
Unique = list()
for line in filehandle:
#like Lalit said, split is a simple way to seperate a longer string
  line = line.split()
  if line[0] not in Unique:
      Unique.append(line[0])

#For each item in the list of identifiers, this code goes through
#the file, and if a line starts with that identifier then it is
#added to a new file.
for item in Unique:
    #this 'if' skips the header, which has a '/' in it
    if '/' not in item:
        # the .seek(0) 'rewinds' the iteration variable, which is apperently needed
        #needed if looping through files multiple times
        filehandle.seek(0)

        #makes new file
        newfile = open(str(item) + ".txt","w+")

        #inserts header, and goes to next line
        newfile.write(Unique[0])
        newfile.write('\n')

        #goes through old file, and adds relevant lines to new file
        for line in filehandle:
            split_line = line.split()
            if item == split_line[0]:
                newfile.write(line)

print(Unique)