在Java ()中运行git clone -在getRuntime.exec中使用/bin/bash -在错误流中“没有这样的文件或目录”

Question

在Linux中，我正在尝试使用Java的Runtime.getRuntime().exec()来执行git clone，解释器是/bin/bash。但是，我在错误流中得到“没有这样的文件或目录”。我搜索了堆栈溢出，发现没有答案可以解决我的问题。下面是我用Test.java编写的程序：

import java.io.*;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        String version = "10.1.1";
        String repo_url = "https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url";
        String directory = "./tmp";
        String cmd = "\"/usr/bin/git clone --branch " + version + " " + repo_url + " --depth=1 " + directory + "\"";
        // String cmd = "git -h";
        String interpreter = "/bin/bash";
        cmd = " -c "+ cmd;
        System.out.println(interpreter + cmd);
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{ interpreter, cmd });
        print(process.getInputStream());
        print(process.getErrorStream());
        process.waitFor();
        int exitStatus = process.exitValue();
        System.out.println("exit status: " + exitStatus);
        File[] files = new File(directory).listFiles();
        System.out.println("number of files in the directory: " + files.length);
    }

    public static void print(InputStream input) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
                String line = null;
                try {
                    while ((line = bf.readLine()) != null) {
                        System.out.println(line);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    System.out.println("IOException");
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

./tmp肯定是一个空目录。我使用javac Test.java编译代码，然后运行java Test。此外，我尝试了sudo java Test，得到了同样的结果。我得到的输出如下：

/bin/bash -c "/usr/bin/git clone --branch 10.1.1 https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url --depth=1 ./tmp"
exit status: 127
/bin/bash:  -c "/usr/bin/git clone --branch 10.1.1 https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url --depth=1 ./tmp": No such file or directory
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
        at Test.main(Test.java:18)

当我使用"git -h“或"ls”时，它工作得很好。但是，这个命令/bin/bash -c "/usr/bin/git clone --branch 10.1.1 https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url --depth=1 ./tmp"在shell中有效，但在Java中失败。我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您必须将-c作为单独的参数传递，并且不应在命令中添加文字双引号：

new String[]{ "bash", "-c", "git clone ..." }

这是因为空格和引号是shell语法，而Runtime.exec不会调用它们来运行命令(这恰好是shell调用，但这是无关的)