C#读取变量并在其他类中使用它们

Question

在我的项目中，我想读取一些变量。这些数据是从表单中读取的。但是，我想在我的整个项目中使用它们作为变量。在整个项目中使用这些变量的正确方式是什么？

这是读取变量的部分。

public void ReadSetupData() {
    Constants setup = new Constants();
    setup.cassette0 = tbCassette0.Text;
    setup.cassette1 = tbCassette1.Text;
    setup.cassette2 = tbCassette2.Text;
    setup.cassette3 = tbCassette3.Text;
    setup.cassette4 = tbCassette4.Text;
    setup.flowController = tbFlowController.Text;
    setup.valve = tbValve.Text;
    setup.flowDeviation = Convert.ToDouble(tbMaxFlowDev);
    setup.flowSet = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlowInput);
    setup.flushTime = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTime);
    setup.flushTimeCalibration = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTimeCalibration);
    setup.intervalAveragePoints = Convert.ToDouble(tbIntervalAverage);
    setup.movingAverageSize = Convert.ToDouble(tbMovingAverageSize);
    setup.secsPerConcentration = Convert.ToDouble(tbSecsPerConc);
}

这是我用所有变量创建的类。此类与窗体不在同一类中。

public class Constants{
     public string cassette0;
     public string cassette1;
     public string cassette2;
     public string cassette3;
     public string cassette4;
     public string flowController;
     public string valve;
     public double flowDeviation;
     public double secsPerConcentration;
     public double intervalAveragePoints;
     public double movingAverageSize;
     public double flowSet;
     public double flushTime;
     public double flushTimeCalibration;
}

Answer 1

您正在寻找的是Singleton:确保一个类只有一个实例，并提供对它的全局访问点。

public class Singleton

{
    public string cassette0;
    public double flushTimeCalibration;
    private static Singleton _instance;

    // Constructor is 'protected'

    protected Singleton()
    {
    }

    public static Singleton Instance()
    {
        // Uses lazy initialization.

        // Note: this is not thread safe.

        if (_instance == null)
        {
            _instance = new Singleton();
        }

        return _instance;
    }
}

另请参阅：Difference between static class and singleton pattern?

为了访问该变量，只需调用静态实例方法即可，该方法可确保在需要时初始化类：

Singleton.Instance().cassette0 = "Cassette0";

Answer 2

为了补充Matthias的响应，下面是我最常使用的Singleton模式的线程安全实现：

    public sealed class Constants
    {
        private static readonly Constants instance = new Constants();

        static Constants() { }

        private Constants() { }

        public static Constants Instance { get { return instance; } }   

        public string cassette0;
        public string cassette1;
        public string cassette2;
        public string cassette3;
        public string cassette4;
        public string flowController;
        public string valve;
        public double flowDeviation;
        public double secsPerConcentration;
        public double intervalAveragePoints;
        public double movingAverageSize;
        public double flowSet;
        public double flushTime;
        public double flushTimeCalibration;
    }

然后在需要的地方调用它，如下所示：

var constants = Constants.Instance;

Answer 3

使用ExpressSettings库可以很容易地实现它。它会将一个settings.json文件放到bin文件夹中，以便以JSON格式存储任何类型设置

如果您使用的是.Net框架

Install-Package Twileloop.ExpressSettings -Version 1.0.0

或者，如果您使用的是.Net核心

Install-Package Twileloop.ExpressSettingsCore -Version 1.0.0

现在使用函数读取数据，并返回这些常量

public Constants ReadSetupData() {
    Constants setup = new Constants();
    setup.cassette0 = tbCassette0.Text;
    setup.cassette1 = tbCassette1.Text;
    setup.cassette2 = tbCassette2.Text;
    setup.cassette3 = tbCassette3.Text;
    setup.cassette4 = tbCassette4.Text;
    setup.flowController = tbFlowController.Text;
    setup.valve = tbValve.Text;
    setup.flowDeviation = Convert.ToDouble(tbMaxFlowDev);
    setup.flowSet = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlowInput);
    setup.flushTime = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTime);
    setup.flushTimeCalibration = Convert.ToDouble(tbFlushTimeCalibration);
    setup.intervalAveragePoints = Convert.ToDouble(tbIntervalAverage);
    setup.movingAverageSize = Convert.ToDouble(tbMovingAverageSize);
    setup.secsPerConcentration = Convert.ToDouble(tbSecsPerConc);
    return setup;
}

然后保存到设置文件中，

var setup = ReadSetupData();
Settings<Constants>.Write(setup);

现在，当你想在其他地方阅读它时

var setup = Settings<Constants>.Read();

有关更多信息，请访问：https://github.com/sangeethnandakumar/Express-Settings