appium在模拟器中自动测试Android应用的密码输入，但xml文件中缺少密码输入字段

Question

我正在使用appium桌面记录一个安卓应用程序在安卓模拟器(UI是UI)上的密码(8个字符)输入函数，以弄清楚如何编写python脚本来自动测试这个函数。我不知道为了输入密码需要发送密钥的元素是什么(我在最后输入了2个字符的密码(共8个字符)后附加了xml文件，供您参考)。我尝试选择最可能的元素(例如测试:id/cb_1，cb_2，...)要向密钥发送appium-desktop的inspect功能中的以下错误：

调用'sendKeys‘失败element.sendKeys("w")错误响应状态: 12，InvalidElementState -元素命令无法完成，因为元素处于无效状态(例如，试图单击禁用的元素)。Selenium错误:无法将元素设置为'w‘。您是否与正确的元素进行了交互？

我做了一些调查，发现在我输入一个字符的密码后，相应的id/cb_1从‘checked=false’变成了'checked=true‘(附件中的xml文件是我输入2个字符后生成的，所以cb_1和cb_2的'checked=true’和其他人(Cb_n)的'checked=false')，在xml file.So中没有其他变化。我的问题是，我应该如何编写输入8个字符的密码的python代码，以使应用程序自动化测试。

有没有人能给我一些提示或建议，让我继续前进？谢谢你的帮忙!我们非常感谢您的建议！

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes' ?>
<hierarchy index="0" class="hierarchy" rotation="3" width="900" height="1600">
  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,0][900,1600]" displayed="true">
    <android.widget.LinearLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,0][900,1600]" displayed="true">
      <android.widget.FrameLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" resource-id="android:id/content" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,0][900,1600]" displayed="true">
        <android.widget.RelativeLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.RelativeLayout" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/root_view" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,0][900,1600]" displayed="true">
          <android.widget.LinearLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,48][900,604]" displayed="true">
            <android.widget.FrameLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,48][900,118]" displayed="true">
              <android.widget.FrameLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/btn_close_area" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,48][110,118]" displayed="true">
                <android.widget.ImageView index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.ImageView" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/btn_left" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[30,61][74,105]" displayed="true" />
              </android.widget.FrameLayout>
            </android.widget.FrameLayout>
            <android.widget.LinearLayout index="1" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,118][900,192]" displayed="true">
              <android.widget.TextView index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.TextView" text="your account will be locked if retrying password errors over 5 times" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/hint" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,118][900,192]" displayed="true" />
            </android.widget.LinearLayout>
            <android.widget.LinearLayout index="2" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/pwd_input_fl" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,324][900,604]" displayed="true">
              <android.widget.RelativeLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.RelativeLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,324][900,367]" displayed="true">
                <android.widget.TextView index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.TextView" text="pls input your password" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/dialog_verify_password_title" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[306,324][594,367]" displayed="true" />
              </android.widget.RelativeLayout>
              <android.widget.RelativeLayout index="1" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.RelativeLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,427][900,511]" displayed="true">
                <android.widget.LinearLayout index="1" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[24,427][876,511]" displayed="true">
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[24,427][130,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_1" checkable="true" checked="true" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[55,447][99,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="1" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[130,427][236,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_2" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[161,447][205,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="2" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[236,427][342,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_3" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[267,447][311,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="3" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[342,427][448,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_4" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[373,447][417,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="4" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[448,427][555,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_5" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[479,447][523,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="5" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[555,427][662,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_6" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[586,447][630,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="6" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[662,427][769,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_7" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[693,447][737,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                  <android.widget.FrameLayout index="7" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.FrameLayout" text="" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[769,427][876,511]" displayed="true">
                    <android.widget.CheckBox index="0" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.CheckBox" text="" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/cb_8" checkable="true" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="true" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[800,447][844,491]" displayed="true" />
                  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
                </android.widget.LinearLayout>
              </android.widget.RelativeLayout>
              <android.widget.TextView index="2" package="com.test.android.test" class="android.widget.TextView" text="forgot password?" resource-id="com.test.android.test:id/btn_forget_password" checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="true" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" scrollable="false" selected="false" bounds="[0,571][900,604]" displayed="true" />
            </android.widget.LinearLayout>
          </android.widget.LinearLayout>
        </android.widget.RelativeLayout>
      </android.widget.FrameLayout>
    </android.widget.LinearLayout>
  </android.widget.FrameLayout>
</hierarchy>

Answer 1

正如我在这里看到的，这个应用程序的安卓开发者使用checkBox作为密码占位符，而不是输入。这是错误的，在实际生产中没有人这样做。而且UiAutomator不会让你sendKeys到一个复选框。

无论如何，如果这是用于测试的示例apk，请尝试driver.set_text("password")到复选框的父元素(LinearLayout或FrameLayout)。如果失败，请联系应用程序开发人员！