对于使用xcode命令行工具12的ruby版本1.9.3、2.2.0、2.2.5，rbenv / ruby-build安装失败

Question

当clang --version为12或更高版本时，低于2.3.1的Ruby版本将无法安装。要重现该问题，请首先通过软件更新获取xcode命令行开发工具版本12，或者擦除mac并安装homebrew：

# homebrew installs version 12 of the command line developer tools as well
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

则此操作将失败：

brew install rbenv
rbenv install 2.2.5

rbenv install 2.2.5的输出：

Downloading openssl-1.0.2u.tar.gz...
-> https://dqw8nmjcqpjn7.cloudfront.net/ecd0c6ffb493dd06707d38b14bb4d8c2288bb7033735606569d8f90f89669d16
Installing openssl-1.0.2u...
Installed openssl-1.0.2u to /Users/kburnett/.rbenv/versions/2.2.5

Downloading ruby-2.2.5.tar.bz2...
-> https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.2/ruby-2.2.5.tar.bz2
Installing ruby-2.2.5...

WARNING: ruby-2.2.5 is past its end of life and is now unsupported.
It no longer receives bug fixes or critical security updates.

ruby-build: using readline from homebrew

BUILD FAILED (Mac OS X 10.15.6 using ruby-build 20200819)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/my/qwq5ncb54svfh_qs70kjh4qc0000gn/T/ruby-build.20200921102602.41313.Eghhn7
Results logged to /var/folders/my/qwq5ncb54svfh_qs70kjh4qc0000gn/T/ruby-build.20200921102602.41313.log

Last 10 log lines:
compiling ../.././ext/psych/yaml/reader.c
compiling ../.././ext/psych/yaml/emitter.c
linking shared-object json/ext/generator.bundle
compiling ../.././ext/psych/yaml/parser.c
installing default psych libraries
linking shared-object bigdecimal.bundle
linking shared-object psych.bundle
linking shared-object nkf.bundle
linking shared-object date_core.bundle
make: *** [build-ext] Error 2

在显示"Results logged to“的文件中，报告有3个警告和4个错误。错误如下：

 % grep "error:" /var/folders/my/qwq5ncb54svfh_qs70kjh4qc0000gn/T/ruby-build.20200921102602.41313.log
./openssl_missing.h:71:6: error: conflicting types for 'HMAC_CTX_copy'
./openssl_missing.h:95:5: error: conflicting types for 'EVP_CIPHER_CTX_copy'
./openssl_missing.h:173:5: error: conflicting types for 'BN_rand_range'
./openssl_missing.h:177:5: error: conflicting types for 'BN_pseudo_rand_range'

https://gist.github.com/burnettk/04fb637c4ec18f621b2df500dbcec00e的问题要点。

Answer 1

Burnettk将Xcode CommandLineTools更改为低于12的版本是正确的，但是没有必要删除/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools，如果您每天使用Xcode，这很可能会在您的环境中导致其他问题。

首先，打开Xcode并转到Preferences > Locations，然后检查Command Line Tools下拉列表中有哪些选项。如果可用，请选择Xcode 11.x，然后重试安装。Locations view with Xcode 11.7 command line tools selected

如果您还没有该版本，请安装https://developer.apple.com/downloads/提供的低于12.0的“命令行工具”的最高版本。完成后，弹回Locations首选项，选择刚刚安装的工具，然后重新安装Ruby。

Answer 2

这与Xcode 12版本(2020年9月16日)背道而驰。要“修复”/解决这个问题，如果你已经有了clang --version reporting版本12点的东西，你可以sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools，然后去https://developer.apple.com/downloads/，用你的苹果ID登录，找到“Xcode11.5的命令行工具”或类似的东西。一旦clang --version报告了11点的东西，这应该会再次起作用：rbenv install 2.2.5

这个变通方法最初是由https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build/issues/1353的bfreezy发现的。