在macOS中编译CPython失败

Question

版本：macOS 10.14.4，Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4)。

我从GitHub克隆了CPython源代码，然后编译它，这在过去工作得很好。然而，我在几天前因为安装gdb而搞砸了我的终端。现在，当我尝试用./configure --with-pydebug && make -j编译CPython源代码时，我总是得到错误消息：

ld: warning: ld: warning: ignoring file libpython3.8d.a, file was built for archive which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64): libpython3.8d.aignoring file libpython3.8d.a, file was built for archive which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64): libpython3.8d.a

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "__Py_UnixMain", referenced from:
      _main in python.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "_PyEval_InitThreads", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
  "_PyEval_ReleaseThread", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
  "_PyEval_RestoreThread", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_PyEval_SaveThread", referenced from:
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_PyGILState_Check", referenced from:
      _bpo20891_thread in _testembed.o
  "_PyGILState_Ensure", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
      _bpo20891_thread in _testembed.o
  "_PyGILState_Release", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
      _bpo20891_thread in _testembed.o
  "_PyInterpreterState_GetID", referenced from:
      _print_subinterp in _testembed.o
  "_PyMem_RawFree", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
  "_PyRun_SimpleStringFlags", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
      _test_pre_initialization_sys_options in _testembed.o
      _test_init_main in _testembed.o
      _check_stdio_details in _testembed.o
      _print_subinterp in _testembed.o
      _dump_config in _testembed.o
  "_PySys_AddWarnOption", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_sys_options in _testembed.o
  "_PySys_AddXOption", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_sys_options in _testembed.o
  "_PySys_ResetWarnOptions", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_sys_options in _testembed.o
  "_PyThreadState_Get", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
      _print_subinterp in _testembed.o
  "_PyThreadState_Swap", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_acquire_lock", referenced from:
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_allocate_lock", referenced from:
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_exit_thread", referenced from:
      _bpo20891_thread in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_free_lock", referenced from:
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_release_lock", referenced from:
      _bpo20891_thread in _testembed.o
  "_PyThread_start_new_thread", referenced from:
      _test_bpo20891 in _testembed.o
  "_Py_BytesWarningFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_DebugFlag", referenced from:
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_DecodeLocale", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
  "_Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_EndInterpreter", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
  "_Py_Finalize", referenced from:
      _test_forced_io_encoding in _testembed.o
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
      _test_pre_initialization_sys_options in _testembed.o
      _test_initialize_twice in _testembed.o
      _test_initialize_pymain in _testembed.o
      _test_init_default_config in _testembed.o
      ...
  "_Py_FrozenFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_env in _testembed.o
      _test_init_env_dev_mode in _testembed.o
      _test_init_env_dev_mode_alloc in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_Initialize", referenced from:
      _test_forced_io_encoding in _testembed.o
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
      _test_initialize_twice in _testembed.o
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      __testembed_Py_Initialize in _testembed.o
  "_Py_InspectFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_InteractiveFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_IsolatedFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_isolated_flag in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_Main", referenced from:
      _test_initialize_pymain in _testembed.o
  "_Py_NewInterpreter", referenced from:
      _test_repeated_init_and_subinterpreters in _testembed.o
  "_Py_NoSiteFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_NoUserSiteDirectory", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_OptimizeFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_QuietFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "_Py_SetProgramName", referenced from:
      _test_pre_initialization_api in _testembed.o
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      __testembed_Py_Initialize in _testembed.o
  "_Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding", referenced from:
      _test_forced_io_encoding in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _check_stdio_details in _testembed.o
  "_Py_UTF8Mode", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "_Py_VerboseFlag", referenced from:
      _test_init_global_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _set_all_global_config_variables in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_Clear", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
      _test_run_main in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_DecodeLocale", referenced from:
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_Init", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _check_preinit_isolated_config in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig", referenced from:
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dev_mode in _testembed.o
      _test_init_isolated_flag in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
      _test_init_run_main in _testembed.o
      _test_init_main in _testembed.o
      ...
  "__PyCoreConfig_Read", referenced from:
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_SetString", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
      _test_run_main in _testembed.o
  "__PyCoreConfig_SetWideArgv", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _test_run_main in _testembed.o
  "__PyInitError_Failed", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dev_mode in _testembed.o
      _test_init_isolated_flag in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      ...
  "__PyInitError_NoMemory", referenced from:
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
  "__PyPreConfig_Init", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
  "__PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      _check_preinit_isolated_config in _testembed.o
  "__PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig", referenced from:
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "__PyRuntime", referenced from:
      _check_preinit_isolated_config in _testembed.o
  "__PyWstrList_Append", referenced from:
      _test_init_read_set in _testembed.o
  "__Py_ExitInitError", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dev_mode in _testembed.o
      _test_init_isolated_flag in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      ...
  "__Py_InitializeFromConfig", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dev_mode in _testembed.o
      _test_init_isolated_flag in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_parse_argv in _testembed.o
      ...
  "__Py_InitializeMain", referenced from:
      _test_init_main in _testembed.o
  "__Py_PreInitialize", referenced from:
      _test_init_from_config in _testembed.o
      _test_init_dont_configure_locale in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated1 in _testembed.o
      _test_preinit_isolated2 in _testembed.o
      _check_preinit_isolated_config in _testembed.o
      _check_init_python_config in _testembed.o
  "__Py_PreInitializeFromWideArgs", referenced from:
      _test_preinit_dont_parse_argv in _testembed.o
  "__Py_RunMain", referenced from:
      _test_init_run_main in _testembed.o
      _test_init_main in _testembed.o
      _test_run_main in _testembed.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clangclang: : errorerror: : linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

make: *** [Programs/_testembed] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make: *** [python.exe] Error 1

我尝试运行make distclean并重置我的终端，但仍然不能工作。谢谢你的帮助。

Answer 1

多亏了python-list中的稻田，我找到了一个post about it，看起来由于某种原因，ar和ranlib并没有像预期的那样工作。我为这些工具创建了一些软链接：

ln -s /usr/bin/ranlib /usr/local/bin/ranlib

ln -s /usr/bin/ar /usr/local/bin/ar

然后一切都会按预期进行。