将Cookiecutter-Django应用程序部署到Heroku时出错

Question

我正在使用Django Cookiecutter样板，使用Docker。一切在本地都运行得很好，所以现在我试着按照这个指南将这个应用部署到Heroku上：Deployment on Heroku。我使用的是Django 3和Rest框架。Docker for development。

运行config命令后，我推送到Heroku master，并得到以下错误：

Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.

下面是跟踪信息：

remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 273, in get_value
remote:            value = self.ENVIRON[var]
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/os.py", line 679, in __getitem__
remote:            raise KeyError(key) from None
remote:        KeyError: 'SENDGRID_API_KEY'
remote:        During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "manage.py", line 31, in <module>
remote:            execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
remote:            utility.execute()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
remote:            self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 231, in fetch_command
remote:            settings.INSTALLED_APPS
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 76, in __getattr__
remote:            self._setup(name)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 63, in _setup
remote:            self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 142, in __init__
remote:            mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
remote:            return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
remote:          File "/tmp/build_027dd19e3113d3ba2634e63f0f93e673/config/settings/production.py", line 128, in <module>
remote:            "SENDGRID_API_KEY": env("SENDGRID_API_KEY"),
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 123, in __call__
remote:            return self.get_value(var, cast=cast, default=default, parse_default=parse_default)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 277, in get_value
remote:            raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg)
remote:        django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Set the SENDGRID_API_KEY environment variable

在错误下面，我得到了使用以下命令禁用收集静态的消息：

$ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1

我运行上面的命令并继续执行，但下一个命令不起作用，因为Heroku找不到manage.py文件

heroku run python manage.py createsuperuser

我在网上搜索了各种部署指南，但看起来在Heroku上部署Django应用程序并不像在Rails上那么简单。

Answer 1

该错误表明应用程序缺少环境变量SENDGRID_API_KEY。这听起来像是文档错误，如果你有一分钟的时间，如果你能请report it我将不胜感激。

基本上，Heroku的部署假设您使用Mailgun作为电子邮件服务，因为它会要求您运行：

heroku addons:create mailgun:starter

但是，您似乎选择了Sendgrid，这是最近引入的一个选项(请参阅PR #2435)，但此页面没有相应地更新。

要解决您的问题，您需要将Sendgrid add-on添加到您的应用程序。在Heroku中添加之后，您应该能够单击add-on来访问您的Sendgrid仪表板，在那里您需要创建一个API key as per this guide，并将其添加到Heroku应用程序following this guide的配置变量中。