不重复的Python-randint函数

Question

我只是python.And的初学者，我在这里只是写了一个简单的程序来自我评估，并尝试回答随机order.But中提出的问题，这里的错误是，randint函数有时会获得相同的数字，我会重复得到相同的问题。我尽了最大的努力来解决它，但我做不到。希望我能在这里得到一些帮助。`导入随机

global some
global i
i=0

some=[]
names=['electric charge','permitivity of the medium','permitiovity of free space','relative permitivity of the medium','intensity  of the electric field','electric potential at a point','electric potential energy','dipole moment','torque acting on the dipole','electric flux','linear charge density of the conductor','surface charge density of the conductor','capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor','practical unit of capacitance']
answer=['C','C2N-1m-2','C2N-1m-2','no unit','NC-1 or Vm-1','V','J','Cm','Nm','Nm2C-1','Cm-1','Cm-2','F','uF or pF']
def loop(i):
    for i in range(i,len(names)):
        global qno
        qno=random.randint(0,len(names))
        if i>0:
            for k in range(0,len(some)):
                if str(qno)==some[len(some)-1]:
                    loop(i-1)
        print(names[qno])
        print('Type your answer')
        tell=input()
        if tell==answer[qno]:
            print('Right answer.Move on')
        else:
            print('Wrong answer,.The answer is '+answer[qno])
        for j in range(i+1):
            some.append(str(qno))
i=i+1

loop(i)
`

Answer 1

在您的函数之前，添加一个布尔值数组，用于描述已经回答了哪些问题：

already_asked = [False] * len(names)

然后，将qno赋给一个值，继续生成随机数，直到命中一个您以前没有问过的数，并将新提出的问题标记为已问：

qno = random.randint(0, len(names))
while already_asked[qno]:
    qno = random.randint(0, len(names))
already_asked[qno] = True

Answer 2

random.shuffle函数执行的正是您想要的操作。

Answer 3

如果你使用随机型If (0，14)，你一定会得到很多重复的结果！例如：

import random

names=['electric charge','permitivity of the medium','permitiovity of free space','relative permitivity of the medium','intensity  of the electric field','electric potential at a point','electric potential energy','dipole moment','torque acting on the dipole','electric flux','linear charge density of the conductor','surface charge density of the conductor','capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor','practical unit of capacitance']


for i in range(10):
...     print( random.randint(0,len(names)))

以下是我第一次运行时的输出：

12
6
6
6
7
14
7
11
4
10

注意我是如何三次获得数字6的！显然，随着范围的增加，重复发生的次数会减少，但你总是有机会重复数字，特别是因为这只是一个伪随机生成的数字。

也许你正在寻找像shuffle这样的东西？例如：

>>> new_order = ([ i for i in range(len(names)) ])
>>> random.shuffle(new_order)
>>> print(new_order)
[9, 10, 7, 8, 4, 13, 0, 2, 3, 6, 12, 5, 1, 11]