使用urlopen获取"RemoteDisconnected“错误

Question

因此，我想简单地使用以下命令读取网站的Html

from urllib.request import urlopen
url = 'https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/water'
page = urlopen(url)

对于一些网站，它可以工作，但对于上面代码中的一些网站，我得到了错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "F:/mohammad Desktop/work spaces/python/Python Turial Release 3.9.1/mod2.py", line 4, in <module>
    page = urlopen(url)
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 222, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 525, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 542, in _open
    result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol +
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 502, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1362, in https_open
    return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPSConnection, req,
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1323, in do_open
    r = h.getresponse()
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py", line 1322, in getresponse
    response.begin()
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py", line 303, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()
  File "C:\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py", line 272, in _read_status
    raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
http.client.RemoteDisconnected: Remote end closed connection without response

还有一些类似的问题，但对我来说解决方案不起作用。

Answer 1

我能够重现这种行为。

可以通过使用request对象并将请求标头更改为通常在web浏览器中使用的标头来解决此问题。例如，mac上的firefox：

import urllib
import requests

url = 'https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/water'

req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_5_8) AppleWebKit/534.50.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.6 Safari/533.22.3'})
print(urllib.request.urlopen(req).read())

我认为这是因为HTML服务器已经被设置为阻止带有与https://dictionary.cambridge.org's抓取相关的头的请求(就像urllib.request.urlopen的默认头一样)。

然而，我不确定故意使用不正确的报头是否符合道德规范；它们可能会因为某种原因而被阻止……