编译时没有此类文件或目录错误

Question

我试图从Debian6编译一个.cpp程序。我有一个可以工作的makefile，它只适用于.c档案，但我需要在.cpp上编译我的程序。所以这里是makefile：

#
# Build the examples.
#

# The great thing about GNU Make is that it knows so much about your     lifestyle, you don't need to
# tell it the obvious things. This file is a minimal makefile.

# You run this makefile by typing `make' in the directory with the   makefile

# You can find out more about make by typing `info make'.

# This tells Make that we need to link everything with the robot code:
LDLIBS=/usr/lib/robot.a

CC=gcc

# This variable has a handy copy of all the things we aim to produce
EXEC= read_sensor turn_on_and_off control_joint cerrar_mano

# Thses are all the things we need to compile:
all: ${EXEC}  

CFLAGS=-I/usr/realtime/include/ -D_ISOC99_SOURCE -D_GNU_SOURCE - rtai_types -rtai_lxrt

# Make now looks around the directory, finds the read_sensor.c and
# turn_on_and_off.c files, works out it can compile them into the
# read_sensor and turn_on_and_off executables, and does so!

# However, for the kernel modules, we need to do a bit more.
rt_control: rt_control.o
ld -E -O2 -r -o $@ $^ 

# This is an example of making a binary from several object files, as an   example only!
fred: bert.o jim.o
ld -E -O2 -o $@ $^ 

# We need to tell the compiler quite a lot about where to find the right  header files
rt_control.o: control.c
$(CC) -c -O2  -DREALTIME -DRTAI_3  -I./include/ -I. -I../  -isystem     /usr/realtime/include/  -isystem /usr/src/linux/include   -o $@ $^


# We put some housekeeping in here:

# This target is used to remove intermediate files Make produces.
clean:; rm -f *.o
# This target is used to remove output files Make produces as well.
realclean: clean
rm -f ${EXEC}

所以，当我在终端上写make myprogramname.cpp时，我得到的是：

In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:24:44: error: rtai_types.h: No such file or  directory
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:38:23: error: rtai_lxrt.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:168: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:178: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
In file included from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/robot.h:194: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
/usr/include/robot/robot.h:244: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
Programa_Hand2.cpp: In function 'int main()':
Programa_Hand2.cpp:18: error: expected initializer before 'printf'
Programa_Hand2.cpp:19: error: 'f' was not declared in this scope
hand@hand-cartagena:~/Desktop/Joaquin/examples$ make Programa_Hand2
g++     Programa_Hand2.cpp  /usr/lib/robot.a -o Programa_Hand2
In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:24:44: error: rtai_types.h: No such file or  directory
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:38:23: error: rtai_lxrt.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:168: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
In file included from /usr/include/robot/robot.h:38,
             from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/sensor.h:178: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
In file included from Programa_Hand2.cpp:4:
/usr/include/robot/robot.h:194: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
/usr/include/robot/robot.h:244: error: 'RTIME' does not name a type
Programa_Hand2.cpp: In function 'int main()':
Programa_Hand2.cpp:18: error: expected initializer before 'printf'
Programa_Hand2.cpp:19: error: 'f' was not declared in this scope
make: *** [Programa_Hand2] Error 1

我也尝试了一下-o Programa_Hand2 Programa_Hand2.cpp，得到了同样的错误，我想我必须用makefile来改变一些东西，但是我不知道有什么问题，有什么想法吗？我是编程和linux的新手，所以我对此感到有点生气，因为我需要在c++上编译这个程序，我在c上编译了它并正常工作。谢谢你的帮助！

编辑:从互联网上做了一些研究，似乎RTAI不支持C++；所以有没有办法用C++编译它？另外，我的#includes是：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <robot/robot.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <error.h>
#include <iostream>

#include "RobotConfig.h"

再次感谢！

Answer 1

简而言之，对于C++文件，您需要使用g++命令，而不是使用gcc。

您需要使用C++编译器而不是C编译器来编译C++文件，这两者是有区别的。

GNU的命令是g++，假设您已经安装了它。这是很有可能的，因为您似乎有一个C编译器。

将一个名为CXX的变量添加到Makefile中，并将其设置为等于g++。然后使用CXX变量作为命令编译C++代码，而不是使用CC变量。

$(CXX) -o <.output文件name> <.cpp文件go here>