使用电子邮件登录Django 1.11，我使用cookiecutter-django和allauth

Question

我开始使用cookiecutter-django，因为它似乎比django-admin更高级，可以开始我的项目。因此，我创建了一个eCommerce网站，它只需要电子邮件登录，而不需要用户名。

因此，我尝试按照文档更改settings.py，如下所示：

ACCOUNT_USER_MODEL_USERNAME_FIELD = None
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED = True
ACCOUNT_USERNAME_REQUIRED = False
ACCOUNT_AUTHENTICATION_METHOD = 'email'
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_VERIFICATION = 'mandatory'

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'users:redirect'
LOGIN_URL = 'account_login'

这是我的accounts.User模型：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
    AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
)

class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, full_name, password=None, is_active=True, is_staff=False, is_admin=False):
        if not email:
            raise ValueError("Users must have an email address")
        if not password:
            raise ValueError("Users must have a password")
        if not full_name:
            raise ValueError("Users must have a fullname")

        user_obj = self.model(
            email = self.normalize_email(email),
            full_name = full_name
        )
        user_obj.set_password(password)
        user_obj.staff = is_staff
        user_obj.admin = is_admin
        user_obj.active = is_active
        user_obj.save(using=self._db)
        return user_obj

    def create_staffuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            full_name,
            password=password,
            is_staff=True
        )
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, full_name, password=None):
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            full_name,
            password=password,
            is_staff=True,
            is_admin=True
        )
        return user


class User(AbstractBaseUser):
    email       = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
    full_name   = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    active      = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    staff       = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    admin       = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELD = ['full_name']

    objects = UserManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    def get_full_name(self):
        return self.full_name

    def get_short_name(self):
        return self.email

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        return True

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        return self.staff

    @property
    def is_admin(self):
        return self.admin

    @property
    def is_active(self):
        return self.active

有默认的users目录，它有自己的models.py，views.py和urls.py，但我不知道如何修改它。

urls.py：

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(
        regex=r'^$',
        view=views.UserListView.as_view(),
        name='list'
    ),
    url(
        regex=r'^~redirect/$',
        view=views.UserRedirectView.as_view(),
        name='redirect'
    ),
    url(
        regex=r'^(?P<username>[\w.@+-]+)/$',
        view=views.UserDetailView.as_view(),
        name='detail'
    ),
    url(
        regex=r'^~update/$',
        view=views.UserUpdateView.as_view(),
        name='update'
    ),
]

models.py：

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.db import models
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _


@python_2_unicode_compatible
class User(AbstractUser):

    # First Name and Last Name do not cover name patterns
    # around the globe.
    name = models.CharField(_('Name of User'), blank=True, max_length=255)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('users:detail', kwargs={'username': self.username})

views.py：

from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.views.generic import DetailView, ListView, RedirectView, UpdateView

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin

from .models import User
from enrolments.models import Enrolment


class UserDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin, DetailView):
    model = User
    # These next two lines tell the view to index lookups by username
    slug_field = 'username'
    slug_url_kwarg = 'username'


class UserRedirectView(LoginRequiredMixin, RedirectView):
    permanent = False

    def get_redirect_url(self):
        return reverse('users:detail',
                       kwargs={'username': self.request.user.username})


class UserUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):

    fields = ['name', ]

    # we already imported User in the view code above, remember?
    model = User

    # send the user back to their own page after a successful update
    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse('users:detail',
                       kwargs={'username': self.request.user.username})

    def get_object(self):
        # Only get the User record for the user making the request
        return User.objects.get(username=self.request.user.username)


class UserListView(LoginRequiredMixin, ListView):
    model = User
    # These next two lines tell the view to index lookups by username
    slug_field = 'username'
    slug_url_kwarg = 'username'

这是我登录时的错误，尽管它让我在访问主页时登录。但是当我点击“登录”按钮时，它会提示我这个错误。请给我指点一下。

提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

到目前为止(2020年6月)，使用Django Cookie cutter有一种更简单的方法来实现这一点。

首先，在Django设置config/settings/base.py中，我们需要调整AllAuth设置，以便首先将电子邮件用作主要标识符，而不是用户名，然后将用户名字段隐藏在SignUp页面中

ACCOUNT_AUTHENTICATION_METHOD = "email"
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED = True
ACCOUNT_USERNAME_REQUIRED = False
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_VERIFICATION = "mandatory"

这方面的Django AllAuth文档可以在here中找到

然后，在用户模型中，我们添加一个信号，该信号将在用户实例更新时触发，并将电子邮件地址复制到用户名字段。这样，它们就可以保持同步。while循环只处理存在冲突的电子邮件地址的情况(不应该冲突)：

@receiver(pre_save, sender=User)
def update_username_from_email(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    user_email = instance.email
    username = user_email[:130]
    n = 1
    while User.objects.exclude(pk=instance.pk).filter(username=username).exists():
        n += 1
        username = user_email[: (129 - len(str(n)))] + "-" + str(n)
    instance.username = username

此用户模型更新是由@ferrangb here提出的

Answer 2

最后，我终于想出了办法。这是我的新models.py：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
    AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
)

class UserManager(BaseUserManager):

    def create_user(self, email, username, full_name, password=None, is_active=True, is_staff=False, is_admin=False):
        if not email:
            raise ValueError("Users must have an email address")
        if not password:
            raise ValueError("Users must have a password")
        if not full_name:
            raise ValueError("Users must have a fullname")

        user_obj = self.model(
            email = self.normalize_email(email),
            full_name = full_name,
            username = new_username
        )
        user_obj.set_password(password)
        user_obj.staff = is_staff
        user_obj.admin = is_admin
        user_obj.active = is_active
        user_obj.save(using=self._db)
        return user_obj

    def create_staffuser(self, username, email, full_name, password=None):
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            full_name,
            username=username,
            password=password,
            is_staff=True
        )
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, username, email, full_name, password=None):
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            full_name,
            username=username,
            password=password,
            is_staff=True,
            is_admin=True
        )
        return user




class User(AbstractBaseUser):
    email       = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
    full_name   = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    username    = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    active      = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    staff       = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    admin       = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELD = ['full_name']

    objects = UserManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    def get_full_name(self):
        return self.full_name

    def get_short_name(self):
        return self.email

    def get_username(self):
        return self.username

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        return True

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        return self.staff

    @property
    def is_admin(self):
        return self.admin

    @property
    def is_active(self):
        return self.active

下面是我在'users‘目录中的views.py文件：

from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.views.generic import DetailView, ListView, RedirectView, UpdateView

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin

from accounts.models import User
from enrolments.models import Enrolment


class UserDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin, DetailView):
    model = User
    # These next two lines tell the view to index lookups by username
    slug_field = 'username'
    slug_url_kwarg = 'username'


class UserRedirectView(LoginRequiredMixin, RedirectView):
    permanent = False

    def get_redirect_url(self):
        return reverse('users:detail',
                       kwargs={'username': self.request.user.username})


class UserUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):

    fields = ['full_name', ]

    # we already imported User in the view code above, remember?
    model = User

    # send the user back to their own page after a successful update
    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse('users:detail',
                       kwargs={'username': self.request.user.username})

    def get_object(self):
        # Only get the User record for the user making the request
        return User.objects.get(username=self.request.user.username)


class UserListView(LoginRequiredMixin, ListView):
    model = User
    # These next two lines tell the view to index lookups by username
    slug_field = 'username'
    slug_url_kwarg = 'username'

和我的settings.py文件：

# ACCOUNT_USER_MODEL_USERNAME_FIELD = None
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED = True
# ACCOUNT_USERNAME_REQUIRED = False
ACCOUNT_AUTHENTICATION_METHOD = 'email'
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_VERIFICATION = 'mandatory'

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'users:redirect'
LOGIN_URL = 'account_login'

虽然，我需要在注册时才有用户名，但在那之后，它只是工作。我不需要更改任何其他文件。我希望这能帮到你。谢谢。