Python中Plotly中的3D biplot

Question

我想在python Plotly中绘制类似于biplot的东西，但使用3个主成分来绘制3d图。

如何在plotly python中绘制主成分的方向向量(红线)？

这是完全相同的问题，但是对于R，here。我不能完美地翻译代码。

Answer 1

在here的帮助下

from plotly.offline import plot
import plotly.graph_objs as go
pca = PCA(n_components=3).fit(iris.data)
X_reduced = pca.transform(iris.data)
trace1 = go.Scatter3d(
    x=X_reduced[:,0],
    y = X_reduced[:,1],
    z = X_reduced[:,2],
    mode='markers',
    marker=dict(
        size=12,
        color= target,                
        opacity=1
)

)

dc_1 = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,pca.components_.T[0][0]],
                     y = [0,pca.components_.T[0][1]],
                     z = [0,pca.components_.T[0][2]],
                     marker = dict( size = 1,
                                    color = "rgb(84,48,5)"),
                     line = dict( color = "red",
                                width = 6),
                     name = "Var1"
                     )
dc_2 = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,pca.components_.T[1][0]],
                   y = [0,pca.components_.T[1][1]],
                   z = [0,pca.components_.T[1][2]],
                   marker = dict( size = 1,
                                  color = "rgb(84,48,5)"),
                   line = dict( color = "green",
                                width = 6),
                   name = "Var2"
                 )
dc_3 = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,pca.components_.T[2][0]],
                     y = [0,pca.components_.T[2][1]],
                     z = [0,pca.components_.T[2][2]],
                     marker = dict( size = 1,
                                  color = "rgb(84,48,5)"),
                     line = dict( color = "blue",
                                width = 6),
                     name = "Var3"
                 ) 
dc_4 = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,pca.components_.T[3][0]],
                     y = [0,pca.components_.T[3][1]],
                     z = [0,pca.components_.T[3][2]],
                     marker = dict( size = 1,
                                  color = "rgb(84,48,5)"),
                     line = dict( color = "yellow",
                                width = 6),
                     name = "Var4"
                   )


data = [trace1,dc_1,dc_2,dc_3,dc_4]
layout = go.Layout(
    xaxis=dict(
        title='PC1',
        titlefont=dict(
           family='Courier New, monospace',
           size=18,
           color='#7f7f7f'
       )
   )
)
fig = go.Figure(data=data, layout=layout)
plot(fig, filename='3d-scatter-tupac-with-mac')

​

​