如果我在python3中运行以下代码
from io import BytesIO
import csv
from io import TextIOWrapper
def fill_into_stringio(input_io):
writer = csv.DictWriter(TextIOWrapper(input_io, encoding='utf-8'),fieldnames=['ids'])
for i in range(100):
writer.writerow({'ids': str(i)})
with BytesIO() as input_i:
fill_into_stringio(input_i)
input_i.seek(0)我得到一个错误:
ValueError: I/O operation on closed file.而如果我不使用TextIOWrapper,io流将保持打开状态。例如,如果我将我的函数修改为
def fill_into_stringio(input_io):
for i in range(100):
input_io.write(b'erwfewfwef')我再也没有收到任何错误,所以出于某种原因,TestIOWrapper关闭了我稍后要读取的流。这是这样的吗?是否如此?有没有办法在不亲自编写csv编写器的情况下实现我正在尝试的目标?
发布于 2018-01-25 10:09:39
csv模块是这里最奇怪的一个模块;包装其他对象的大多数类似文件的对象都承担了相关对象的所有权,当它们本身被关闭(或以其他方式清除)时将其关闭。
避免该问题的一种方法是在允许清理TextIOWrapper之前显式地从它执行detach:
def fill_into_stringio(input_io):
# write_through=True prevents TextIOWrapper from buffering internally;
# you could replace it with explicit flushes, but you want something
# to ensure nothing is left in the TextIOWrapper when you detach
text_input = TextIOWrapper(input_io, encoding='utf-8', write_through=True)
try:
writer = csv.DictWriter(text_input, fieldnames=['ids'])
for i in range(100):
writer.writerow({'ids': str(i)})
finally:
text_input.detach() # Detaches input_io so it won't be closed when text_input cleaned up另一种避免这种情况的内置方法是真正的文件对象,在这种情况下,您可以向它们传递文件描述符和closefd=False,并且在close-ed或其他清理时,它们不会关闭底层文件描述符。
当然,在您的特定情况下,还有一种更简单的方法:只需让您的函数期望基于文本的类似文件的对象,并在不重新包装的情况下使用它们;您的函数实际上不应该负责对调用者的输出文件进行编码(如果调用者想要UTF-16输出呢?)。
然后您可以执行以下操作:
from io import StringIO
def fill_into_stringio(input_io):
writer = csv.DictWriter(input_io, fieldnames=['ids'])
for i in range(100):
writer.writerow({'ids': str(i)})
# newline='' is the Python 3 way to prevent line-ending translation
# while continuing to operate as text, and it's recommended for any file
# used with the csv module
with StringIO(newline='') as input_i:
fill_into_stringio(input_i)
input_i.seek(0)
# If you really need UTF-8 bytes as output, you can make a BytesIO at this point with:
# BytesIO(input_i.getvalue().encode('utf-8'))https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48434423
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