jupyter：'notebook‘不是Jupyter命令

Question

我不确定如何让命令jupyter notebook工作：

 ~   progress ✚  sudo pip install --user ipython                                                                                                              01:45:27 AM
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting ipython
  Downloading ipython-5.3.0-py2-none-any.whl (750kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 757kB 944kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: pygments in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: backports.shutil-get-terminal-size; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: simplegeneric>0.8 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: traitlets>=4.2 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Collecting setuptools>=18.5 (from ipython)
  Downloading setuptools-34.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (389kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 399kB 1.7MB/s
Collecting pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3" (from ipython)
  Downloading pathlib2-2.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython)
Collecting pickleshare (from ipython)
  Downloading pickleshare-0.7.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting appnope; sys_platform == "darwin" (from ipython)
  Downloading appnope-0.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: ptyprocess>=0.5 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from pexpect; sys_platform != "win32"->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython-genutils in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: appdirs>=1.4.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=16.8 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Collecting scandir; python_version < "3.5" (from pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3"->ipython)
  Downloading scandir-1.5.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing in /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python (from packaging>=16.8->setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Installing collected packages: setuptools, scandir, pathlib2, pickleshare, appnope, ipython
  Running setup.py install for scandir ... done
Successfully installed appnope-0.1.0 ipython-5.3.0 pathlib2-2.2.1 pickleshare-0.7.4 scandir-1.5 setuptools-34.3.0
 ~   progress ✚  jupyter notebook                                                                                                                             01:45:46 AM
jupyter: 'notebook' is not a Jupyter command
 ~   progress ✚  sudo pip install --user notebook                                                                                                       ➶ 1  01:55:03 AM
Password:
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting notebook
  Downloading notebook-4.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.9MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 6.9MB 172kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: jinja2 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: traitlets in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython-genutils in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Collecting ipykernel (from notebook)
  Downloading ipykernel-4.5.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (98kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 5.3MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: nbconvert in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Collecting jupyter-client (from notebook)
  Downloading jupyter_client-5.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (83kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 2.8MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: nbformat in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: tornado>=4 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-core in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook)
Collecting terminado>=0.3.3; sys_platform != "win32" (from notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from jinja2->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from traitlets->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python (from traitlets->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from traitlets->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython>=4.0.0 in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: pygments in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbconvert->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: mistune!=0.6 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbconvert->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: entrypoints in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbconvert->notebook)
Collecting python-dateutil>=2.1 (from jupyter-client->notebook)
  Downloading python_dateutil-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (194kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 194kB 3.1MB/s
Collecting pyzmq>=13 (from jupyter-client->notebook)
  Downloading pyzmq-16.0.2-cp27-cp27m-macosx_10_6_intel.whl (1.1MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.1MB 965kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbformat->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: backports.ssl_match_hostname in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from tornado>=4->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: singledispatch in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from tornado>=4->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/certifi-14.05.14-py2.7.egg (from tornado>=4->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: backports_abc>=0.4 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from tornado>=4->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: ptyprocess in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from terminado>=0.3.3; sys_platform != "win32"->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: backports.shutil-get-terminal-size; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: simplegeneric>0.8 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Collecting setuptools>=18.5 (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
  Downloading setuptools-34.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (389kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 399kB 1.8MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3" in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: pickleshare in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: appnope; sys_platform == "darwin" in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: configparser>=3.5; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from entrypoints->nbconvert->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: functools32; python_version == "2.7" in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.0->nbformat->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: appdirs>=1.4.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=16.8 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: scandir; python_version < "3.5" in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3"->ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing in /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python (from packaging>=16.8->setuptools>=18.5->ipython>=4.0.0->ipykernel->notebook)
Installing collected packages: python-dateutil, pyzmq, jupyter-client, ipykernel, terminado, notebook, setuptools
Successfully installed ipykernel-4.5.2 jupyter-client-5.0.0 notebook-4.4.1 python-dateutil-2.6.0 pyzmq-16.0.2 setuptools-34.3.0 terminado-0.6
 ~   progress ✚  jupyter notebook                                                                                                                             01:55:41 AM
jupyter: 'notebook' is not a Jupyter command
 ~   progress ✚  which jupyter                                                                                                                          ➶ 1  01:55:43 AM
/usr/local/bin/jupyter
 ~   progress ✚  which pip                                                                                                                                    01:56:36 AM
/usr/local/bin/pip
 ~   progress ✚  which python                                                                                                                                 01:56:39 AM
/usr/bin/python
 ~   progress ✚  pip -V                                                                                                                                       01:56:42 AM
pip 9.0.1 from /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (python 2.7)
 ~   progress ✚  which ipython                                                                                                                                01:56:45 AM
 ~   progress ✚ 

 ~   progress ✚  sudo pip install --user ipython-notebook                                                                                                     01:59:01 AM
Password:
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting ipython-notebook
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement ipython-notebook (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for ipython-notebook

我的系统信息：

 ~   progress ✚  uname -a                                                                                                                               ➶ 1  01:58:20 AM
Darwin Monas-MacBook-Pro.local 15.6.0 Darwin Kernel Version 15.6.0: Thu Jun 23 18:25:34 PDT 2016; root:xnu-3248.60.10~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64

我的pip列表：

bash-4.3$ pip list
DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. You can use --format=(legacy|columns) (or define a format=(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section) to disable this warning.
alabaster (0.7.6)
altgraph (0.10.2)
appdirs (1.4.2)
appnope (0.1.0)
arff (0.9)
Babel (2.0)
backports-abc (0.4)
backports.shutil-get-terminal-size (1.0.0)
backports.ssl-match-hostname (3.5.0.1)
bdist-mpkg (0.5.0)
BeautifulSoup (3.2.1)
beautifulsoup4 (4.3.2)
binaryornot (0.2.0)
bonjour-py (0.3)
butterfly (2.0.1)
catkin-pkg (0.2.9)
certifi (14.5.14)
click (6.2)
config (0.3.9)
configparser (3.5.0)
cookiecutter (0.7.0)
coverage (4.0a6)
cssselect (0.9.1)
Cython (0.19.2)
decorator (4.0.10)
distribute (0.7.3)
Django (1.6)
docutils (0.12)
ecdsa (0.13)
empy (3.3.2)
entrypoints (0.2.2)
enum34 (1.1.6)
Flask (0.10.1)
functools32 (3.2.3-2)
futures (2.2.0)
gnip-powertrack-rules (0.2.2)
goslate (1.3.0)
ipykernel (4.5.2)
ipython (5.3.0)
ipython-genutils (0.1.0)
itsdangerous (0.24)
Jinja2 (2.8)
jsonschema (2.5.1)
jupyter-client (5.0.0)
jupyter-core (4.2.0)
macholib (1.5.1)
MarkupSafe (0.23)
matplotlib (1.3.1)
microsofttranslator (0.6)
mistune (0.7.3)
mock (1.3.0)
modulegraph (0.10.4)
nbconvert (4.2.0)
nbformat (4.1.0)
netifaces (0.10.4)
nltk (2.0.4)
nose (1.3.7)
notebook (4.4.1)
numpy (1.8.0rc1)
packaging (16.8)
pandas (0.12.0)
paramiko (1.15.2)
pathlib2 (2.2.1)
pbr (1.3.0)
pexpect (4.2.1)
pickleshare (0.7.4)
Pillow (2.9.0)
pip (9.0.1)
prettytable (0.7.2)
prompt-toolkit (1.0.7)
psutil (3.1.1)
ptyprocess (0.5.1)
py2app (0.7.3)
py4j (0.9)
pycrypto (2.6.1)
pydot (1.0.28)
pygame (1.9.2a0)
Pygments (2.0.2)
pygraphviz (1.3rc2)
pyobjc-core (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Accounts (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-AddressBook (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-AppleScriptKit (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-AppleScriptObjC (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Automator (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-CFNetwork (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Cocoa (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Collaboration (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-CoreData (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-CoreLocation (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-CoreText (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-DictionaryServices (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-EventKit (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-ExceptionHandling (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-FSEvents (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-InputMethodKit (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-InstallerPlugins (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-InstantMessage (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-LatentSemanticMapping (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-LaunchServices (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Message (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-OpenDirectory (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-PreferencePanes (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-PubSub (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-QTKit (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Quartz (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-ScreenSaver (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-ScriptingBridge (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-SearchKit (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-ServiceManagement (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-Social (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-SyncServices (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-SystemConfiguration (2.5.1)
pyobjc-framework-WebKit (2.5.1)
PyOpenGL (3.1.1a1)
pyOpenSSL (0.13.1)
pyparsing (2.0.1)
pyqtgraph (0.9.10)
PySDL2 (0.9.3)
python-dateutil (1.5)
python-igraph (0.6.5)
pytz (2013.7)
pyusb (1.0.0b2)
PyYAML (3.11)
pyzmq (16.0.2)
requests (2.4.0)
rosdep (0.11.2)
rosdistro (0.4.2)
rosinstall (0.7.5)
rosinstall-generator (0.1.11)
rospkg (1.0.35)
scandir (1.5)
scikit-learn (0.14.1)
scipy (0.13.0b1)
Scrapy (0.24.4)
setuptools (1.1.6)
simplegeneric (0.8.1)
simplejson (3.8.1)
singledispatch (3.4.0.3)
six (1.4.1)
snowballstemmer (1.2.0)
Sphinx (1.3.1)
sphinx-rtd-theme (0.1.8)
terminado (0.6)
textblob (0.8.3)
tinydb (3.1.2)
tornado (4.3)
tornado-systemd (1.0.1)
traitlets (4.3.1)
vboxapi (1.0)
vcstools (0.1.36)
wcwidth (0.1.7)
Werkzeug (0.10.4)
wget (2.2)
whatportis (0.6)
wheel (0.29.0)
wstool (0.1.6)
xattr (0.6.4)
zope.interface (4.1.1)

在我升级了jupyter之后，我得到了一个类似的错误：

bash-4.3$ sudo pip install -U jupyter --user
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/mona/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting jupyter
  Downloading jupyter-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting nbconvert (from jupyter)
  Downloading nbconvert-5.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (372kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 378kB 932kB/s
Requirement already up-to-date: notebook in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from jupyter)
Requirement already up-to-date: ipykernel in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from jupyter)
Collecting jupyter-console (from jupyter)
  Downloading jupyter_console-5.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting ipywidgets (from jupyter)
  Downloading ipywidgets-6.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (46kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 51kB 1.3MB/s
Collecting qtconsole (from jupyter)
  Downloading qtconsole-4.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (104kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 1.4MB/s
Collecting jinja2 (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading Jinja2-2.9.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (340kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 348kB 1.3MB/s
Collecting pygments (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading Pygments-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (841kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 849kB 844kB/s
Requirement already up-to-date: mistune!=0.6 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter)
Collecting traitlets>=4.2 (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading traitlets-4.3.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (74kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 3.0MB/s
Collecting nbformat (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading nbformat-4.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (154kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 163kB 1.8MB/s
Requirement already up-to-date: entrypoints>=0.2.2 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter)
Collecting pandocfilters>=1.4.1 (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading pandocfilters-1.4.1.tar.gz
Collecting testpath (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading testpath-0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (82kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 3.1MB/s
Collecting jupyter-core (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading jupyter_core-4.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (76kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 2.9MB/s
Collecting bleach (from nbconvert->jupyter)
  Downloading bleach-1.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already up-to-date: ipython-genutils in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from notebook->jupyter)
Requirement already up-to-date: jupyter-client in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from notebook->jupyter)
Collecting tornado>=4 (from notebook->jupyter)
  Downloading tornado-4.4.2.tar.gz (460kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 460kB 1.6MB/s
Requirement already up-to-date: terminado>=0.3.3; sys_platform != "win32" in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from notebook->jupyter)
Requirement already up-to-date: ipython>=4.0.0 in ./Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages (from ipykernel->jupyter)
Collecting prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.0 (from jupyter-console->jupyter)
  Downloading prompt_toolkit-1.0.13-py2-none-any.whl (247kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 256kB 1.1MB/s
Collecting widgetsnbextension~=2.0.0 (from ipywidgets->jupyter)
  Downloading widgetsnbextension-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.1MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.1MB 859kB/s
Requirement already up-to-date: MarkupSafe>=0.23 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from jinja2->nbconvert->jupyter)
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bash-4.3$ jupyter notebook
Error executing Jupyter command 'notebook': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

Answer 1

该错误意味着名为jupyter-notebook的可执行文件不在PATH中。由于您在macOS上进行--user安装，因此脚本将放在$HOME/Library/Python/2.7/bin中，它需要位于您的路径中，而不是默认位置。如果是这种情况，您可以使用以下命令添加它：

export PATH="$HOME/Library/Python/2.7/bin:$PATH"

您可以将其添加到~/.bashrc。