GStreamer教程3无法链接视频垫

Question

我正在尝试练习GStreamer教程3：https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/tutorials/basic/dynamic-pipelines.html?gi-language=c#exercise

在Ubuntu 18.04上工作

我已经添加并链接了autovideosink和videoconvert：

data.videosink = gst_element_factory_make("autovideosink", "videosink");
data.videoconvert = gst_element_factory_make("videoconvert", "videoconvert");

并修改了回调：

if (g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "audio/x-raw")) {
  sink_pad = gst_element_get_static_pad (data->convert, "sink");
}
else if (g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "video/x-raw")){
  sink_pad = gst_element_get_static_pad (data->videoconvert, "sink");
}
else
{
  g_print ("It has type '%s' which is not raw audio. Ignoring.\n",
    new_pad_type);
  goto exit;
}
/* If our converter is already linked, we have nothing to do here */
if (gst_pad_is_linked (sink_pad)) { 
  g_print ("We are already linked. Ignoring.\n");
  goto exit;
}
/* Attempt the link */
ret = gst_pad_link (new_pad, sink_pad);
if (GST_PAD_LINK_FAILED (ret)) {
  g_print ("Type is '%s' but link failed.\n", new_pad_type);
} else {
  g_print ("Link succeeded (type '%s').\n", new_pad_type);
}

然而，我无法链接视频垫:类型是' video /x-raw‘，但链接失败。

我尝试检查pads是否可以链接，但返回false。我是否可以获得更多关于焊盘之间兼容性的设置或更多信息？

Answer 1

首先，谢谢你，因为你的代码的正确部分帮助我解决了我的问题。

实际上你的所有更改都是正确的，我在这里运行了它。但有其他东西需要更改，让我们验证一下：

--首先，我们必须验证所有内容并添加到bin：

if (!data.pipeline || !data.source || !data.convert || !data.sink || !data.videoconvert || !data.videosink) {
    g_printerr ("Not all elements could be created.\n");
    return -1;
}

gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (data.pipeline), data.source, data.convert , data.sink, data.videoconvert , data.videosink, NULL);
if (!gst_element_link (data.convert, data.sink)) {
    g_printerr ("Elements could not be linked.\n");
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return -1;
}
if (!gst_element_link (data.videoconvert, data.videosink)) {
   g_printerr ("Elements could not be linked.\n");
   gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
   return -1;
}

-- After确保您的回调函数在修改之前已有定义：

GstPad *sink_pad = gst_element_get_static_pad (data->convert, "sink");
GstPadLinkReturn ret;
GstCaps *new_pad_caps = NULL;
GstStructure *new_pad_struct = NULL;
const gchar *new_pad_type = NULL;

g_print ("Received new pad '%s' from '%s':\n", GST_PAD_NAME (new_pad), GST_ELEMENT_NAME (src));

new_pad_caps = gst_pad_get_current_caps (new_pad);
new_pad_struct = gst_caps_get_structure (new_pad_caps, 0);
new_pad_type = gst_structure_get_name (new_pad_struct);

--还有，在回调的末尾有释放内存的部分。

这段代码正在运行，我希望我对你有所帮助，也验证了你的连接，因为代码是从互联网上流传过来的。

Answer 2

这是用于 GStreamer Tutorial 3的已解决代码

#include <gst/gst.h>

/* Structure to contain all our information, so we can pass it to callbacks */
typedef struct _CustomData {
  GstElement *pipeline;
  GstElement *source;
  GstElement *convert;
  GstElement *vconvert;
  GstElement *resample;
  GstElement *asink;
  GstElement *vsink;
} CustomData;

/* Handler for the pad-added signal */
static void pad_added_handler (GstElement *src, GstPad *pad, CustomData *data);

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  CustomData data;
  GstBus *bus;
  GstMessage *msg;
  GstStateChangeReturn ret;
  gboolean terminate = FALSE;

  /* Initialize GStreamer */
  gst_init (&argc, &argv);

  /* Create the elements */
  data.source = gst_element_factory_make ("uridecodebin", "source");
  data.convert = gst_element_factory_make ("audioconvert", "convert");
  data.vconvert = gst_element_factory_make ("videoconvert", "vc");
  data.resample = gst_element_factory_make ("audioresample", "resample");
  data.asink = gst_element_factory_make ("autoaudiosink", "asink");
  data.vsink = gst_element_factory_make ("autovideosink", "vsink");

  /* Create the empty pipeline */
  data.pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("test-pipeline");

  if (!data.pipeline || !data.source || !data.convert || !data.resample || !data.asink) 
  {
    g_printerr ("Not all elements could be created.\n");
    return -1;
  }

 

  /* Build the pipeline. Note that we are NOT linking the source at this
   * point. We will do it later. */
  gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (data.pipeline), data.source, data.convert, data.vconvert,data.resample, data.asink, data.vsink,NULL);
  if (!gst_element_link_many (data.convert, data.resample, data.asink,NULL)) {
    g_printerr ("Elements could not be linked1.\n");
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return -1;
  }


 if (!gst_element_link_many (data.vconvert, data.vsink,NULL)) {
    g_printerr ("Elements could not be linked2.\n");
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return -1;
  }

  /* Set the URI to play */
  g_object_set (data.source, "uri", "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/gstreamer-sdk/data/media/sintel_trailer-480p.webm", NULL);

  /* Connect to the pad-added signal */
  g_signal_connect (data.source, "pad-added", G_CALLBACK (pad_added_handler), &data);

  /* Start playing */
  ret = gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
  if (ret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE) {
    g_printerr ("Unable to set the pipeline to the playing state.\n");
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return -1;
  }

  /* Listen to the bus */
  bus = gst_element_get_bus (data.pipeline);
  do {
    msg = gst_bus_timed_pop_filtered (bus, GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE,
        GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED | GST_MESSAGE_ERROR | GST_MESSAGE_EOS);

    /* Parse message */
    if (msg != NULL) {
      GError *err;
      gchar *debug_info;

      switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE (msg)) {
        case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR:
          gst_message_parse_error (msg, &err, &debug_info);
          g_printerr ("Error received from element %s: %s\n", GST_OBJECT_NAME (msg->src), err->message);
          g_printerr ("Debugging information: %s\n", debug_info ? debug_info : "none");
          g_clear_error (&err);
          g_free (debug_info);
          terminate = TRUE;
          break;
        case GST_MESSAGE_EOS:
          g_print ("End-Of-Stream reached.\n");
          terminate = TRUE;
          break;
        case GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED:
          /* We are only interested in state-changed messages from the pipeline */
          if (GST_MESSAGE_SRC (msg) == GST_OBJECT (data.pipeline)) {
            GstState old_state, new_state, pending_state;
            gst_message_parse_state_changed (msg, &old_state, &new_state, &pending_state);
            g_print ("Pipeline state changed from %s to %s:\n",
                gst_element_state_get_name (old_state), gst_element_state_get_name (new_state));
          }
          break;
        default:
          /* We should not reach here */
          g_printerr ("Unexpected message received.\n");
          break;
      }
      gst_message_unref (msg);
    }
  } while (!terminate);

  /* Free resources */
  gst_object_unref (bus);
  gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
  gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
  return 0;
}

/* This function will be called by the pad-added signal */
static void pad_added_handler (GstElement *src, GstPad *new_pad, CustomData *data) {
  GstPadLinkReturn ret;
  GstCaps *new_pad_caps = NULL;
  GstStructure *new_pad_struct = NULL;
  const gchar *new_pad_type = NULL;

  g_print ("Received new pad '%s' from '%s':\n", GST_PAD_NAME (new_pad), GST_ELEMENT_NAME (src));


  /* Check the new pad's type */
  new_pad_caps = gst_pad_get_current_caps (new_pad);
  new_pad_struct = gst_caps_get_structure (new_pad_caps, 0);
  new_pad_type = gst_structure_get_name (new_pad_struct);
    

  if (g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "audio/x-raw")) // && !g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "video/x-raw)") 
  {
    g_print ("It has type '%s' Test it.\n", new_pad_type);
    goto test_audio;
  }

  if (g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "video/x-raw")) // && !g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "video/x-raw)") 
  {
    g_print ("It has type '%s' Test it.\n", new_pad_type);
    goto test_video;
  }

goto exit ;

GstPad *sink_pad;

test_audio:
  sink_pad = gst_element_get_static_pad (data->convert, "sink");
  if (gst_pad_is_linked (sink_pad)) {
    g_print ("We are already linked. Ignoring.\n");
    goto exit;
  }
  goto next_step;

test_video:
  sink_pad= gst_element_get_static_pad (data->vconvert, "sink");
  if (gst_pad_is_linked (sink_pad)) {
    g_print ("We are already linked. Ignoring.\n");
    goto exit;
  }
  goto next_step;


next_step:
  

  /* Attempt the link */
  ret = gst_pad_link (new_pad, sink_pad);
  if (GST_PAD_LINK_FAILED (ret)) {
    g_print ("Type is '%s' but link failed.\n", new_pad_type);
  } else {
    g_print ("Link succeeded (type '%s').\n", new_pad_type);
  }

exit:
  /* Unreference the new pad's caps, if we got them */
  if (new_pad_caps != NULL)
    gst_caps_unref (new_pad_caps);

  /* Unreference the sink pad */
  if (sink_pad != NULL)
    gst_object_unref (sink_pad);
}