如何初始化google-cloud-firestore - Python

Question

from google.cloud import firestore

# Add a new document
db = firestore.Client()  # need to put credentials
doc_ref = db.collection(u'users').document(u'alovelace')
doc_ref.set({
    u'first': u'Ada',
    u'last': u'Lovelace',
    u'born': 1815
})

# Then query for documents
users_ref = db.collection(u'users')

for doc in users_ref.stream():
    print(u'{} => {}'.format(doc.id, doc.to_dict()))

这是来自https://googleapis.dev/python/firestore/latest/的示例代码，当我运行它时，它显示了

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/kulothungan/Purp/temp/temp.py", line 4, in <module>
    db = firestore.Client()
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/firestore_v1/client.py", line 94, in __init__
    client_options=client_options,
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/firestore_v1/base_client.py", line 128, in __init__
    _http=None,
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 277, in __init__
    _ClientProjectMixin.__init__(self, project=project, credentials=credentials)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 225, in __init__
    project = self._determine_default(project)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 244, in _determine_default
    return _determine_default_project(project)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_helpers.py", line 186, in _determine_default_project
    _, project = google.auth.default()
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/_default.py", line 483, in default
    raise exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError(_HELP_MESSAGE)
google.auth.exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError: Could not automatically determine credentials. Please set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS or explicitly create credentials and re-run the application. For more information, please see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/getting-started

但是我不知道如何初始化它，我也不想用环境变量来初始化，如果有人知道请提前通知我谢谢

Answer 1

如果您有权访问此特定项目，则需要转到Google cloud console Service account页面here并创建一个用于访问firestore的服务帐户。Service account creation。为服务帐户提供其中一个数据存储区roles作为应用程序。

创建后，您必须为服务帐户生成密钥。您可以在服务帐户页面上的“密钥”选项卡中执行此操作。

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选择JSON格式。您将获得一个名为keys.json的文件。将其存储在您计算机上，并创建环境变量GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/keys.json

现在尝试运行您的python脚本。

不使用环境变量

您需要安装google-auth python包，该包提供了google.oauth2.service_account模块，其中包含Credentials类。您可以使用您的凭据初始化该类，如下所示：

from google.oauth2 import service_account

credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
    '/path/to/keys.json')

然后，您可以将此credentials对象传递给firestore Client()，如下所示：

db = firestore.Client(credentials=credentials)