Emacs "void-variable自定义设置变量“错误

Question

我是Emacs的新手，在尝试了一些模式之后，我得到了如下错误消息：

Warning (initialization): An error occurred while loading ‘/Users/Tao/.emacs’:

Symbol's value as variable is void: custom-set-variables

然后，按照指令，我使用--debug-init选项启动了Emacs，下面是消息：

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (void-variable custom-set-variables)
  eval-buffer(#<buffer  *load*> nil "/Users/Tao/.emacs" nil t)  ; Reading at buffer position 21
  load-with-code-conversion("/Users/Tao/.emacs" "/Users/Tao/.emacs" t t)
  load("~/.emacs" noerror nomessage)
  startup--load-user-init-file(#f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1fee6b60d6f5>) #f(compiled-function () #<bytecode 0x1fee6b60d709>) t)
  command-line()
  normal-top-level()

然后我打开了我的.emacs文件：

custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(ansi-color-faces-vector
   [default default default italic underline success warning error])
 '(custom-enabled-themes '(tango-dark))
 '(package-selected-packages '(auctex proof-general)))
(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )
(require 'package)
;; (setq gnutls-algorithm-priority "NORMAL:-VERS-TLS1.3") ; see remark below
(add-to-list 'package-archives '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
(package-initialize)
 (dolist (hook '(tex-mode-hook))
      (add-hook hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1))))

请问到底是什么错误，以及如何在init文件中修复它？首先要感谢大家！

Answer 1

custom-set-variables是一个函数，而不是变量。您需要的表达式是car为custom-set-variables的列表

(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(SOME-OPTION THE-OPTION-VALUE)
  ;; ...
 )

注意下面的注释。您似乎编辑了该表达式，并且删除了custom-set-variables之前的左括号。这无疑是一个意外(打字错误)。它强调了定义变量custom-file的建议，使Emacs (自定义)远离您的初始化文件，并将这些自动表达式放在您的custom-file中。