在docker容器中使用numpy运行python代码时，即使在dockerfile /requirements.txt中添加了numpy，也会出现“模块找不到错误”

Question

我在一个dev容器中运行一些非常基本的python代码。

我想让它和numpy一起工作

在我尝试让它与numpy一起工作之前，一切都运行得很完美。

我在我的python代码中写了一行:import numpy as np

以下是我在容器中安装numpy的步骤：

我在dockerfile中为numpy添加了pip install：pip install numpy==1.14.3 (带和不带版本...)我得到了这个错误：

import numpy as np
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'numpy'

我尝试在requirements.txt中添加numpy，在dockerfile文件中添加COPY requirements.txt /tmp/pip-tmp/

这是我的Dockerfile：

FROM python:3

# Avoid warnings by switching to noninteractive
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# This Dockerfile adds a non-root user with sudo access. Use the "remoteUser"
# property in devcontainer.json to use it. On Linux, the container user's GID/UIDs
# will be updated to match your local UID/GID (when using the dockerFile property).
# See https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root-user for details.
ARG USERNAME=vscode
ARG USER_UID=1000
ARG USER_GID=$USER_UID

# Uncomment the following COPY line and the corresponding lines in the `RUN` command if you wish to
# include your requirements in the image itself. It is suggested that you only do this if your
# requirements rarely (if ever) change.
COPY requirements.txt /tmp/pip-tmp/

# Configure apt and install packages
RUN apt-get update \
    && pip install numpy==1.14.3 \
    && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends apt-utils dialog 2>&1 \
    #
    # Verify git, process tools, lsb-release (common in install instructions for CLIs) installed
    && apt-get -y install git openssh-client iproute2 procps lsb-release \
    #
    # Install pylint
    && apt-get -y install libc-dev \
    && apt-get -y install build-essential \
    && pip install -U pip \
    && pip --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir install pylint \
    #&& pip install --no-cache-dir numpy scipy pandas matplotlib \
    #
    # Update Python environment based on requirements.txt
    && pip --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir install -r /tmp/pip-tmp/requirements.txt \
    && rm -rf /tmp/pip-tmp \
    #
    # Create a non-root user to use if preferred - see https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root-user.
    && groupadd --gid $USER_GID $USERNAME \
    && useradd -s /bin/bash --uid $USER_UID --gid $USER_GID -m $USERNAME \
    # [Optional] Add sudo support for the non-root user
    && apt-get install -y sudo \
    && echo $USERNAME ALL=\(root\) NOPASSWD:ALL > /etc/sudoers.d/$USERNAME\
    && chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/$USERNAME \
    #
    # Clean up
    && apt-get autoremove -y \
    && apt-get clean -y \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Switch back to dialog for any ad-hoc use of apt-get
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=dialog

我得到了同样的错误

(我构建了我的容器，并在每一步之后重新运行它)

如果您知道如何帮助我修复它，请让我知道

Answer 1

为了确保您没有使用不同的python环境，可以通过安装python3-virtualenv在您的容器中创建一个python虚拟环境。并使用下面的命令激活它。

RUN python3 -m virtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3 /opt/venv
ENV PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH"

如果问题仍然存在，请尝试手动删除容器镜像并重新创建它。

Answer 2

一种理论是:您意外地安装了Debian打包的Python。因此，现在您有两个Python，一个来自Docker映像(在其中进行pip安装)，另一个在命令行上运行，这是不同的。