如何在Angular中测试RXJS中的地图和攻丝管道

Question

我想测试下面的代码，但我不确定如何测试map和tap (从RXJS)函数。我是不是该做个模拟，用间谍？

我真的应该测试这些吗？我有一个习惯，那就是只实现这个目标就能获得100%的覆盖率(100%覆盖率)，但我发现100%并不总是必要的，也不一定是有益的。但在这种情况下，map和tap对函数非常关键。我真的很感谢你的建议，谢谢。

我使用的是Angular 9。

红线是未经测试的。

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Answer 1

是的，获得100%的覆盖率可能不是最好的想法，但却是一个很好的目标。

正如我所看到的，你的服务做超文本传输协议请求，遵循这个测试指南：https://medium.com/better-programming/testing-http-requests-in-angular-with-httpclienttestingmodule-3880ceac74cf。

是的，你将不得不嘲笑loggingService；

如下所示：

import { TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { CoursesService } from './courses.service';
import { HttpClientTestingModule,
         HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
... // the rest of your imports

describe('TemplateService', () => {
  // We declare the variables that we'll use for the Test Controller and for our Service
  let httpTestingController: HttpTestingController;
  let service: TemplateService;
  let mockLoggingService: any;
  
  beforeEach(() => {
    // 'loggingService' is for your own sanity and the array are all of the public methods of `loggingService`
    mockLoggingService = jasmine.createSpyObj('loggingService', ['logger']);
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      providers: [
                  TemplateService,
                  // every time the test asks for LoggingService, supply this mock
                  { provide: LoggingService, useValue: mockLoggingService },
     ],
      imports: [HttpClientTestingModule]
    });

    // We inject our service (which imports the HttpClient) and the Test Controller
    httpTestingController = TestBed.get(HttpTestingController);
    service = TestBed.get(TemplateService);
  });

  afterEach(() => {
    httpTestingController.verify();
  });

  // Angular default test added when you generate a service using the CLI
  it('should be created', () => {
    expect(service).toBeTruthy();
  });

  it('should make a get call for getTemplates and log', () => {
    const mockTemplates: Template[] = [/* you know how a template should look like so mock it*/];
   // make HTTP call take flight
    service.getTemplates().subscribe(templates => {
      expect(templates).toEqual(mockTemplates);
      expect(mockLoggingService.logger).toHaveBeenCalledWith(`User viewed templates: ${templates}`);
    });
   
   // have a handle on the HTTP call that is about to take flight
   const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(/* put the unique url of this method's get request that only you know of */);

   expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET');
   // send this request for the next HTTP call
   req.flush(mockTemplates);
  });

  it('should make a get call for getTemplateById and log', () => {
    const mockTemplate: Template = {/* you know how a template should look like so mock it*/};
   // make HTTP call take flight
    service.getTemplateById(1).subscribe(template => {
      expect(template).toEqual(mockTemplate);
      expect(mockLoggingService.logger).toHaveBeenCalledWith(`User viewed template: ${template}`);
    });
   
   // have a handle on the HTTP call that is about to take flight
   const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(/* put the unique url of this method's get request that only you know of */);

   expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET');
   // send this request for the next HTTP call
   req.flush(mockTemplates);
  });
});

附注:您的maps在这两个函数中都没有执行任何操作，可以将它们删除。他们只是返回他们正在接收的东西，并没有改变任何东西。