‘读取请求时出现异常’，‘详细信息’：‘无法解码: java.io.StringReader@1aac9ea'}，’状态‘：’失败‘}

Question

我的第一个问题是，“无法解码: java.io.stringreader”是什么意思？

我的第二个问题是，为什么一些字符串可以工作，而另一些则不能？我猜是不是python用d0rked编码传递某些字符串有问题？

我的第三个问题是，在将XML值传递给REST主体之前，我是否正确地转换了它们？

我从目录中获取XML文件，解析XML，然后将REST post填充到一个ServiceNow实例。从本质上讲，我将大量的遗留票证从一个系统带到另一个系统。我已经解决了出现特殊字符(如项目符号)的问题。但是由于某些原因，我总是在一些XML记录上得到Cannot decode: java.io.stringreader@bleh错误，而在其他记录上却没有。我曾尝试将该元素(request)中的文本手动更改为一个单词，但不起作用。所以这让我相信这与编码有关。在我的回复中，我看到它都是按照设计的utf-8格式发送的。我只是不明白问题出在哪里。而且它只有request元素。其他一切都运行得很完美。

我尝试了无数种方法将解析后的XML转换为字符串、文本、编码和解码。奇怪的是，所有其他转换为.text的XML元素都可以完美地工作。它只是一个请求元素。

def restMessage(number, subject, queue, opendate, closedate, request, history, final, category, subcategory):
# Set the request parameters
    import requests
    url = 'https://*.service-now.com/api/now/import/sn_hr_core_mayo_case_import'

    # Eg. User name="admin", Password="admin" for this code sample.
    user = '*'
    pwd = '*'

    # Set proper headers
    headers = {"Content-Type":"application/json","Accept":"application/json"}

    # Build body
    body = "{\"u_state\":\"3\",\"u_opened_at\":\""+opendate+"\",\"u_closed_at\":\""+closedate+"\",\"u_source\":\"Self Service\",\"u_hr_service\":\"e2e4665cdb4f77003693f8fdbf96198b\",\"u_topic_category\":\"cec4bc2d9f931200d9011977677fcfe8\",\"u_opened_for\":\""+subject+"\",\"u_subject_person\":\""+subject+"\",\"u_assigned_to\":\"system\",\"u_queue\":\""+queue+"\",\"u_assignment_group\":\"f65370019f22120047a2d126c42e705c\",\"u_correlation_id\":\""+number+"\",\"u_request\":\""+request+"\",\"u_archive_category\":\""+category+"\",\"u_archive_subcategory\":\""+subcategory+"\"}"

    # Do the HTTP request
    response = requests.post(url, auth=(user, pwd), headers=headers ,data=body)

    # Check for HTTP codes other than 200
    #if response.status_code != 200:
    print('Status:', response.status_code, 'Headers:', response.headers, 'Error Response:', response.json())
    # Toggle exit if you want to only do one record.
    # exit()
    # Decode the JSON response into a dictionary and use the data
    data = response.json()
    print("Data from response = " + str(data))

#---------parse XML files from directory-----------
import os
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

# files are in a sub folder where this script is being ran
path = "attachments"
total = 0
count = 0

# Get the total number of xml records
files = os.listdir(path)
for x in files:
    if x.endswith(".xml"):
        total += 1

for filename in os.listdir(path):
    # Only get xml files
    if filename.endswith(".xml"):
        fullname = os.path.join(path, filename)
    # This joins full path / filename to trigger parser
        tree = ET.parse(fullname)
        # print(etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True))
        # from xml.dom.minidom import parse
        # dom = parse(fullname)
        # print('<?xml version="{}" encoding="{}"?>'.format(dom.version, dom.encoding))

        # Parse the files..
        # Build tags from all the child elements in root IE: /CASE
        print("tree Obj ID= " + str(tree))
        qnumber = tree.find("NUMBER")
        qstatus = tree.find("STATUS")
        qqueue = tree.find("QUEUE")
        qcategory = tree.find("CATEGORY")
        qsubcategory = tree.find("SUB_CATEGORY")
        qsubject = tree.find("USER_ID")
        qopendate = tree.find("OPEN_DATE")
        qclosedate = tree.find("CLOSE_DATE")
        qrequest = tree.find("REQUEST")
        qhistory = tree.find("HISTORY_RESPONSE")
        qfinal = tree.find("FINAL_RESPONSE")

        #Convert everything to strings
        number = qnumber.text
        status = qstatus.text
        category = qcategory.text
        subcategory = qsubcategory.text
        queue = qqueue.text
        subject = qsubject.text
        opendate = qopendate.text
        closedate = qclosedate.text
        request = qrequest.text
        history = qhistory.text
        final = qfinal.text

        # Convert Special Characters
        # bad_chars = ['•','/']
        # for i in bad_chars:
        #     request = request.replace(i, '-')
        # # request =  ''.join([i for i in p_request if i.isdigit()])
        # request.encode(encoding='UTF-8')

        print(request)

        #Print case number to assist with knowing where in count
        print("Case Number: " + number)
        count += 1
        print("Count: " + str(count))
        print("Total: " + str(total))
        restMessage(number, subject, queue, opendate, closedate, request, history, final, category, subcategory)

这是我在某些记录上得到的回应：

Status: 400 Headers: {'error': {'message': 'Exception while reading request', 'detail': 'Cannot decode: java.io.StringReader@1aac9ea'}, 'status': 'failure'}

使用工作的那些(没有明显的原因)：

Status: 201 Headers: {'import_set': 'ISET0010005', 'staging_table': 'sn_hr_core_*_case_import', 'result': [{'transform_map': '* Case Import', 'table': 'sn_hr_core_case', 'display_name': 'number', 'display_value': 'HRC0001165', 'record_link': 'https://*.service-now.com/api/now/table/sn_hr_core_case/a3669014db8777003693f8fdbf9619b4', 'status': 'ignored', 'sys_id': 'a3669014db8777003693f8fdbf9619b4', 'status_message': 'No field values changed'}]}

出于显而易见的原因，我删除了一些敏感信息。在这种情况下，您将看到一个*。

下面是XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<CASE>
  <NUMBER>20514217</NUMBER>
  <PARENT>
  </PARENT>
  <STATUS>1-CLOSED</STATUS>
  <OPEN_DATE>12/01/2017 00:29:46</OPEN_DATE>
  <CLOSE_DATE>12/05/2017 17:42:26</CLOSE_DATE>
  <SOURCE>Self Service</SOURCE>
  <PROCESS>HR INTERNAL REQUEST FORM</PROCESS>
  <CATEGORY>HR Connect</CATEGORY>
  <SUB_CATEGORY>Personnel Action Change/Update</SUB_CATEGORY>
  <USER_ID>210140</USER_ID>
  <LAST_NAME>Mickey mouse</LAST_NAME>
  <FIRST_NAME>Mickey mouse</FIRST_NAME>
  <SITUATION>SELECT...</SITUATION>
  <PRIORITY>5 Days</PRIORITY>
  <ADVISOR_NAME>Donald Duck</ADVISOR_NAME>
  <TEAM>2 HR SRV CNTR PA</TEAM>
  <NEXT_ACTION>
  </NEXT_ACTION>
  <PROCESS_STATUS>Verified</PROCESS_STATUS>
  <TRANSFERT_DATE>
  </TRANSFERT_DATE>
  <DEADLINE>12/12/2017 17:07:12</DEADLINE>
  <QUEUE>HR Internal Request</QUEUE>
  <FROZEN_DATE>
  </FROZEN_DATE>
  <OTHER_EMPLOYEE_ID>210140</OTHER_EMPLOYEE_ID>
  <REQUEST>Please complete a multi-add to this employee's record for the 11-29-2017 pay period. See attached request form with all pertinent PA details.

Thank you,
Donald Duck</REQUEST>
  <HISTORY_RESPONSE>[2017-12-01 17:52:09 - Donald Duck] Thank you for contacting HR Connect, your request for Mickey mouse has been processed.

[2017-12-01 17:52:10 - Donald Duck] Thank you for contacting HR Connect, your request for Melissa A. Gilbertson has been processed.</HISTORY_RESPONSE>
  <FINAL_RESPONSE>Thank you for contacting HR Connect, your request for Mickey mouse has been processed.</FINAL_RESPONSE>
</CASE>

--我添加了我认为问题所在的屏幕截图。看起来ServiceNow json解析器不喜欢\n的？(返回车)..我将在努力解决这个问题的过程中发布更多。

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Answer 1

这最终导致了源xml记录中的编码问题。Python无法翻译一大堆奇怪的垃圾字符。我创造了一种方法来去掉奇怪的字符。这是我使用的代码。

def fix_multi_line_string(text):
    '''Given a string input,
    replace all unwanted characters with desginated replacements.
    Return the fixed string.'''
    char_map = {
        '•': '-',
        '\t': '',
        '\n': '',
        '\r': '',
        '\u200b': '',
        '"': "'",
        '\ufffd': '',
        '\uf0b7': '',
        '\uf0a7': '',
        '\uf071': '',
        '\u25e6': '',
        '\uf020': '',
        '\u2265': '',
        '\u200e': '',
        '\uf0d8': '',
        '\u2010': '',
        '\uf04a': '',
        '\u25fe': '',
        '\u2610': '',
        '\u2015': '',
        '\u2612': '',
        '\uf04c': '',
        '\uf15c': '',
        '\ue1ef': '',
        '\u25b2': '',
        '\U0001f609': '',
        '\u2502': '',
        '\uf02a': '',
        '\uf0e0': '',
        '\uf028': '',
        '\u25a1': '',
        '\ue0e8': '',
        '\u2003': '',
        '\uf0a0': '',
        '\ue900': '',
        '\ue901': '',
        '\ue076': '',
        '\ue1d9': '',
        '\ue1ed': '',
        '\u25bc': '',
        '\uf073': '',
        '\ue099': '',
        '\uf0fc': '',
        '\uf0df': '',
        '\uff08': '',
        '\u2002': '',
        '\uf0e8': '',
        '\uf07f': '',
        '\uf06f': '',
        '\u263a': '',
        '\ue1b4': '',
        '\ue1b4': '',
        '\u2500': '',
        '\uf084': '',
        '\ue0ca': '',
        '\U00100078': '',
        '\uf027': '',
        '\uf0ac': '',
        '\U0001f604': '',
        '\uff1f': '',
        '\uff0c': '',
        '\uff01': '',
        '\u2219': '',
        '\u2219': '',
        '\U0001f60a': '',
        '\uf0a8': '',
        '\ue172': '',
        '\ue080': '',
        '\ue113': '',
        '\ue1bc': '',
        '\ue202': '',
        '\u2190': '',
        '\u2192': '',
        '\uf076': '',
        '\ue021': '',
        '\uf06e': '',
        '\uf030': '',
        '\uf077': '',
        '\uf111': '',
        '\uf12a': '',
        '\ue22a': '',
        '\u2981': '',
        '\uf02d': '',
        '\uf037': '',
        '///': ''
    }
    for char in char_map:
        text = text.replace(char, char_map[char])

    return text