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社区首页 >问答首页 >为什么Perl在previous之后没有最后一个部分时替换文本：*<hashTree/>。*</hashTree>。？

问为什么Perl在previous之后没有最后一个部分时替换文本：*<hashTree/>。*</hashTree>。？
EN

Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2019-11-19 00:05:17
回答 2查看 73关注 0票数 0

我想通过Perl删除xml文件的部分( JMeter测试计划的元素)，它们是：

代码语言：javascript
复制
              <hashTree>
                <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="SON-ASS" enabled="true">
                  <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
                  <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
                </JSONPathAssertion>
                <hashTree/>
              </hashTree>

在tst.jmx中第一次出现JSONPathAssertion的时间是：

grep -A 10 JSONPath test7.jmx | head -n 10

代码语言：javascript
复制
</HTTPSamplerProxy>
          <hashTree>
            <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="SON-ASS" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
              <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
            </JSONPathAssertion>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PreProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PreProcessor" testname="JSR223 PreProcessor" enabled="true">

仅在第一次出现时，<hashTree/>.之后没有空格分隔的</hashTree>.。

然后我写道：

代码语言：javascript
复制
cat test7.jmx | perl -0777pe 's` *<hashTree>. *<JSONPathAssertion.*?</JSONPathAssertion>. *<hashTree/>. *</hashTree>.``gs' > test7_1.jmx

然后是grep -A 10 JSONPath test7_1.jmx | head -n 10，现在输出为空。生成的文件根本没有JSONPathAssertion。为什么那个特定的事件被替换了？

附注:也许值得单独提问，但我找不到如何在perl中匹配单个换行符，只能作为更大模式的一部分：

How to match a newline \n in a perl regex?。

Regex to match any character including new lines

在注释后添加：

下面的完整文件test7.jmx (再次测试，从SO复制内容并粘贴到vi到新文件)，BTW全部在MacOS Mojave上完成，在CentOS 7上确认一次迭代：

代码语言：javascript
复制
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.1.1 r1855137">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="test one" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup guiclass="com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroupGui" testclass="com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup" testname="Thread - main" enabled="true">
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="com.blazemeter.jmeter.control.VirtualUserController"/>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="TargetLevel">${__P(threads, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="RampUp">${__P(time, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Steps">${__P(steps, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Hold">${__P(hold, 3)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="LogFilename"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Iterations"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Unit">M</stringProp>
      </com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <GenericController guiclass="LogicControllerGui" testclass="GenericController" testname="Simple Controller - main" enabled="true"/>
        <hashTree>
          <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="REQUEST1" enabled="true">
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
            <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
              <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
                <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                  <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&#xd;
    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.1&quot;,&#xd;
    &quot;test&quot;: {&#xd;
}</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
                </elementProp>
              </collectionProp>
            </elementProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
          </HTTPSamplerProxy>
          <hashTree>
            <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
              <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
            </JSONPathAssertion>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PreProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PreProcessor" testname="JSR223 PreProcessor" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="cacheKey">true</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="parameters"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="script">// period in the past - year-month-day, set from properties in User Defined Variables

import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import groovy.json.JsonOutput;
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="scriptLanguage">groovy</stringProp>
            </JSR223PreProcessor>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PostProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PostProcessor" testname="JSR223 PostProcessor" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="cacheKey">true</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="parameters"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="script">import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="scriptLanguage">groovy</stringProp>
            </JSR223PostProcessor>
            <hashTree/>
          </hashTree>
          <IfController guiclass="IfControllerPanel" testclass="IfController" testname="If Controller" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="IfController.condition">${__groovy(${random_variable} == 1)}</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="IfController.evaluateAll">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="IfController.useExpression">true</boolProp>
          </IfController>
          <hashTree>
            <RandomController guiclass="RandomControlGui" testclass="RandomController" testname="Random Controller" enabled="true">
              <intProp name="InterleaveControl.style">1</intProp>
            </RandomController>
            <hashTree>
              <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="REQUEST2" enabled="true">
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
                <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
                  <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
                    <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                      <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                      <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&#xd;
    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.1&quot;,&#xd;
    &quot;test&quot;: {&#xd;
}</stringProp>
                      <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
                    </elementProp>
                  </collectionProp>
                </elementProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">false</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
              </HTTPSamplerProxy>
              <hashTree>
                <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion" enabled="true">
                  <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
                  <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
                </JSONPathAssertion>
                <hashTree/>
              </hashTree>
            </hashTree>
          </hashTree>
        </hashTree>
      </hashTree>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>
regex
perl
jmeter
EN

回答 2

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2019-11-19 03:45:16

This显示正在匹配的内容。文本的整个突出显示部分只是一个匹配项。.*?的匹配程度超出了您的预期。

我会使用合适的XML解析器。

代码语言：javascript
复制
use XML::LibXML qw( );

my $xpath = "
   //hashTree[
      count(*)=2 and
      *[position()=1 and name()='JSONPathAssertion'] and
      *[position()=2 and name()='hashTree' and count(*)=0]
   ]
";

my $doc = XML::LibXML->new->parse_file("a.xml");
$_->unlink for $doc->findnodes($xpath);
$doc->toFile("b.xml");

或

代码语言：javascript
复制
use XML::LibXML qw( );

my $doc = XML::LibXML->new->parse_file("a.xml");
for my $node ($doc->findnodes("//hashTree")) {
   my @child_eles = $node->findnodes("*");
   $node->unlink
      if @child_eles == 2
      && $child_eles[0]->nodeName eq "JSONPathAssertion"
      && $child_eles[1]->nodeName eq "hashTree"
      && $child_eles[1]->findnodes("*")->size == 0;
}

$doc->toFile("b.xml");
票数 4
EN

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2019-11-19 15:17:46

ikegami发现了所讨论的Perl一行程序不正确工作的原因。为了便于将来参考，我在Perl中发布了正确的代码：

代码语言：javascript
复制
cat test.jmx | perl -0777pe 's` *<hashTree>\n( *)<JSONPathAssertion.*\n.*\n.*\n.*\n.*\n.*\n.*\n *</JSONPathAssertion>\n *(<hashTree/>)\n *</hashTree>\n`$1$2`g' > test_.jmx

我今天才注意到(据我所说) JMeter测试计划xml tree的所有元素都应该以子元素的<hashTree>结尾。如果不存在元素，则应写入空分支：<hashTree/>：因此，当删除分支中的单个元素时，其代码应替换为空分支的代码：<hashTree/>。

票数 0
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58918621

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