如何将字符串解析为变量

Question

我希望能够读取文件的每一行，其中包含类似于：redhat-ubi-ubi7-7.8 where vendor=redhat, product=ubi, image_name=ubi7, tag=7.8的行，这样我就可以对其进行解析，以便执行以下操作：

  while read -r line; 
  do
    vendor=sed/awk
    product=sed/awk
    image_name=sed/awk
    version=sed/awk
    echo "Copying $image_name:$version into registry..."

    skopeo copy \
    docker-archive:/opt/app-root/src/ironbank-images/"$line" \
    docker://"$REGISTRY_DOMAIN"/"$vendor"/"$product"/"$image_name":"$version" \
    --dest-creds="$REGISTRY_USERNAME":"$REGISTRY_PASSWORD" \
    --dest-tls-verify=false

  done < "$SYNC_IMAGES"

我如何将这个字符串分离出来，以获得我的用例所需的结果？

Answer 1

结合read的多变量特性和bash的IFS就可以做到这一点：

while IFS=- read -r vendor product image_name version; 
do
    echo "Copying $image_name:$version into registry..."

    skopeo copy \
        docker-archive:/opt/app-root/src/ironbank-images/"${vendor}-${product}-${image_name}-${version}" \
        docker://"$REGISTRY_DOMAIN"/"$vendor"/"$product"/"$image_name":"$version" \
        --dest-creds="$REGISTRY_USERNAME":"$REGISTRY_PASSWORD" \
        --dest-tls-verify=false

done < "$SYNC_IMAGES"

Answer 2

只需使用带有-的awk作为字段分隔符。

awk -F- -v domain="$REGISTRY_DOMAIN" -v user="$REGISTRY_USER" -v pw="$REGISTRY_PASSWORD" '
    {   vendor = $1; product = $2; image_name = $3; version = $4;
        printf("echo \"Copying %s:%s into registry\"\n", image_name, version);
        printf("skopeo copy docker-archive:/opt/app-root/src/ironbank-images/\"%s\" docker://\"%s\"/\"%s\"/\"%s\"/\"%s\":\"$version\" --dest-creds=\"%s\":\"%s\" --dest-tls-verify=false\n",
            domain, vendor, product, image_name, version, user, pw)
    }' < "$SYNC_IMAGES" | bash

Answer 3

以防你想要使用P.E.参数扩展。

while read -r string; do
  vendor=${string%%-*} version=${string##*-} image_name=${string%-*}
  product=${image_name#*-} product=${product%-*} image_name=${image_name##*-}

  echo "Copying $image_name:$version into registry..."

  echo skopeo copy \
        docker-archive:/opt/app-root/src/ironbank-images/"${vendor}-${product}-${image_name}-${version}" \
        docker://"${REGISTRY_DOMAIN}"/"$vendor"/"$product"/"$image_name":"$version" \
        --dest-creds="${REGISTRY_USERNAME}":"${REGISTRY_PASSWORD}" \
        --dest-tls-verify=false
done < "$SYNC_IMAGES"