npm安装如何防止嵌套的node_mocules文件夹

Question

我有一个package.json文件，其中包含

"dependencies": {
 "packageA": "^1.0.0",

这个package A在他的package.json中还有另一个依赖项

"dependencies": {
 "packageA_B": "^1.0.0",

然后，如果我在windows 10上运行npm install，node v11.11.0最终会得到

/node_modules/packageA
/node_modules/packageA/node_modules/packageA_B

然后，如果我删除这个包并运行npm install packageA，我最终会得到

/node_modules/packageA
/node_modules/packageA_B

这是我从一开始就想要的。为什么会发生这种不一致的情况？如何强制以非嵌套的方式安装所有包？

package.json

{
  "name": "first_package",
  "private": true,
  "description": "",
  "main": "gatsby-config.js",
  "version": "0.2.25",
  "author": "",
  "dependencies": {
    "packageA": "git+https://blah.git#h5c8f72",

    "gatsby": "2.1.4",
    "gatsby-plugin-compile-es6-packages": "^1.0.6",
    "gatsby-plugin-offline": "^2.0.24",
    "gatsby-plugin-page-creator": "^2.0.10",
    "gatsby-plugin-react-helmet": "^3.0.8",
    "gatsby-plugin-sharp": "^2.0.25",
    "gatsby-plugin-styled-components": "^3.0.6",
    "gatsby-source-filesystem": "^2.0.23",
    "gatsby-transformer-sharp": "^2.1.15",

    "path": "0.12.7",
    "react": "16.8.6",
    "react-dom": "16.8.6",
    "styled-components": "^4.1.3",
    "styled-icons": "^7.4.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "babel-eslint": "^10.0",
    "eslint": "^5.16.0",
    "eslint-config-prettier": "^4.1.0",
    "eslint-config-standard": "^12.0.0",
    "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.16.0",
    "eslint-plugin-node": "^8.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^3.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^4.1.1",
    "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.12.4",
    "eslint-plugin-standard": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp-help": "^1.6.1",
    "prettier": "^1.16.4"
  },
  "keywords": [
    ""
  ],
  "license": "",
  "scripts": {
    "build": "gatsby build",
    "develop": "gatsby develop",
    "start": "npm run develop",
    "serve": "gatsby serve",
    "test": "echo \"Write tests! -> https://gatsby.app/unit-testing\""
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "https://"
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://"
  }
}

Package A package.json

{
  "name": "packageA",
  "private": true,
  "description": "",
  "version": "0.2.25",
  "main": "index.js",
  "author": "",
  "dependencies": {
    "packageA_B": "0.2.25",

    "styled-components": "4.2.0",
    "styled-icons": "7.9.0",
    "babel-plugin-styled-components": "1.10.0",
    "gatsby-plugin-styled-components": "3.0.7",

    "gatsby-plugin-page-creator": "2.0.12",
    "gatsby-source-filesystem": "2.0.28",
    "gatsby-plugin-compile-es6-packages": "1.1.0",
    "path": "0.12.7",
    "esm": "3.2.14",
    "prop-types": "15.7.2",

    "gatsby-plugin-gtag": "1.0.10",
    "gatsby-plugin-manifest": "2.0.26",
    "react-cookie-consent": "2.2.2"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
    "gatsby": "2.1.4",
    "react": "16.8.6",
    "react-dom": "16.8.6"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "gatsby": "2.1.4",
    "react": "16.8.6",
    "react-dom": "16.8.6",

    "babel-eslint": "^10.0",
    "eslint": "^5.16.0",
    "eslint-config-prettier": "^4.1.0",
    "eslint-config-standard": "^12.0.0",
    "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.16.0",
    "eslint-plugin-node": "^8.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^3.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^4.1.1",
    "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.12.4",
    "eslint-plugin-standard": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp-help": "^1.6.1",
    "prettier": "^1.16.4"
  },
  "keywords": [
    ""
  ],
  "license": "",
  "scripts": {
    "build": "gatsby build",
    "develop": "gatsby develop",
    "start": "npm run develop",
    "serve": "gatsby serve",
    "test": "echo \"Write tests! -> https://gatsby.app/unit-testing\""
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": ""
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": ""
  }
}

Package A_B package.json

{
  "name": "packageA_B",
  "version": "0.2.25",
  "description": "",
  "author": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "license": "",
  "private": false,
  "dependencies": {
    "styled-components": "4.2.0",
    "styled-icons": "7.9.0",
    "babel-plugin-styled-components": "1.10.0",
    "gatsby-plugin-styled-components": "3.0.7",

    "gatsby-plugin-page-creator": "2.0.12",
    "gatsby-source-filesystem": "2.0.28",
    "gatsby-plugin-compile-es6-packages": "1.1.0",
    "path": "0.12.7",
    "esm": "3.2.14",
    "prop-types": "15.7.2",

    "gatsby-mdx": "0.4.2",
    "@mdx-js/mdx": "0.20.3",
    "@mdx-js/tag": "0.20.3",
    "gatsby-image": "2.0.31",
    "gatsby-plugin-offline": "2.0.25",
    "gatsby-plugin-react-helmet": "3.0.11",
    "gatsby-plugin-sharp": "2.0.32",
    "gatsby-transformer-sharp": "2.1.17",
    "react-helmet": "5.2.0",
    "react-share": "2.4.0"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
    "gatsby": "2.1.4",
    "react": "16.8.6",
    "react-dom": "16.8.6"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "gatsby": "2.1.4",
    "react": "16.8.6",
    "react-dom": "16.8.6",

    "babel-eslint": "^10.0",
    "eslint": "^5.16.0",
    "eslint-config-prettier": "^4.1.0",
    "eslint-config-standard": "^12.0.0",
    "eslint-plugin-import": "^2.16.0",
    "eslint-plugin-node": "^8.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^3.0.1",
    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^4.1.1",
    "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.12.4",
    "eslint-plugin-standard": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp": "^4.0.0",
    "gulp-help": "^1.6.1",
    "prettier": "^1.16.4"
  },
  "keywords": [
    ""
  ],
  "scripts": {
    "build": "gatsby build",
    "develop": "gatsby develop",
    "start": "npm run develop",
    "serve": "gatsby serve",
    "test": "echo \"Write tests! -> https://gatsby.app/unit-testing\""
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": ""
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": ""
  }
}

Answer 1

通过指定兼容的版本"^1.0.0"而不是精确的版本"1.0.0"来解决。不知何故，对于确切的版本，npm并不共享这个包，即使它们是完全相同的版本。此外，如果指定了确切的版本，则运行npm dedupe不会产生任何影响。