无法安装或卸载texlive

Question

所以在我从16.10更新到17.04之后，我除了问题什么都没有。我最大的问题是，现在我无法编译任何Latex文件。所以我试着在重新安装之前移除。我以为它起作用了。然后我尝试用sudo apt-get install texlive重新安装

Selecting previously unselected package fonts-texgyre.
(Reading database ... 236984 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-fonts-texgyre_20160520-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking fonts-texgyre (20160520-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfile-homedir-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libfile-homedir-perl_1.00-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libfile-homedir-perl (1.00-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../02-texlive-generic-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-generic-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-latex-recommended.
Preparing to unpack .../03-texlive-latex-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-latex-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pictures.
Preparing to unpack .../04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pictures (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to create new file '/var/lib/dpkg/info/texlive-pictures.list-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pstricks.
Preparing to unpack .../05-texlive-pstricks_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pstricks (2016.20170123-5) ...
Preparing to unpack .../06-prosper_1.00.4+cvs.2007.05.01-4.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking prosper (1.00.4+cvs.2007.05.01-4.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ps2eps.
Preparing to unpack .../07-ps2eps_1.68+binaryfree-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ps2eps (1.68+binaryfree-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tex-gyre.
Preparing to unpack .../08-tex-gyre_20160520-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking tex-gyre (20160520-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-fonts-recommended.
Preparing to unpack .../09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/times/ptmro8c.vf.dpkg-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive.
Preparing to unpack .../10-texlive_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-extra-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../11-texlive-extra-utils_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-extra-utils (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-font-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../12-texlive-font-utils_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-font-utils (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-fonts-recommended-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../13-texlive-fonts-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-latex-recommended-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../14-texlive-latex-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-latex-recommended-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pictures-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pictures-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to create new file '/var/lib/dpkg/info/texlive-pictures-doc.list-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pstricks-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../16-texlive-pstricks-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pstricks-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tipa.
Preparing to unpack .../17-tipa_2%3a1.3-20_all.deb ...
Unpacking tipa (2:1.3-20) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
 /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
 /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

然后我尝试了apt install -f，结果是

(Reading database ... 243034 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
 unable to open '/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/urw35vf/helvetic/uhvb8t.tfm.dpkg-new': Operation not permitted
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

在另一篇文章中，我读到我必须强迫它覆盖，所以我使用了sudo dpkg -i --force all /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb。它没有出错，但显示了一些软件包没有完全安装，所以我要求那些带有dkpg -C的。它说有些没有被配置(使用dpkg --configure -a)，有些被触发，但是触发器处理还没有完成(使用dpkg --configure --pending)。然后也

The following packages are missing the md5sums control file in the
database, they need to be reinstalled:
 texlive-pictures     TeX Live: Graphics, pictures, diagrams
 texlive-pictures-doc TeX Live: Documentation files for texlive-pictures

配置时，一个包表示无法配置，因为另一个包尚未配置。后来我试着配置这个，但是之后我遇到了依赖问题：

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pstricks:
 texlive-pstricks depends on texlive-pictures (>= 2016.20170123-2); however:
  Package texlive-pictures is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package texlive-pstricks (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

我做了sudo apt-get install texlive-pictures，结果显示

Reading state information... Done
texlive-pictures is already the newest version (2016.20170123-5).
texlive-pictures set to manually installed.

我真的不明白，也不知道现在该怎么办。

以下是apt-get purge texlive的成果：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package 'texlive' is not installed, so not removed
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 7 not to upgrade.
4 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/108 MB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pstricks:
 texlive-pstricks depends on texlive-pictures (>= 2016.20170123-2); however:
  Package texlive-pictures is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package texlive-pstricks (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure.
                            No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure.
                                                        dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of prosper:
 prosper depends on texlive-pstricks; however:
  Package texlive-pstricks is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package prosper (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 texlive-pstricks
 prosper
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Answer 1

既然您可能无法安装，那么清除和重新安装又如何？使用

apt-get purge texlive

就为了这个。然后试着安装

编辑:总结问题是如何解决的:使用

sudo apt-get install aptitude

安装智能软件包管理器(可能没有必要)

sudo aptitude install texlive_

清除文本

sudo aptitude -f install texlive

要安装应该安装texlive的texlive，现在在编译某些.sty丢失的错误时，它被解决了

sudo aptitude -f reinstall texlive-pictures
sudo aptitude -f install texlive-latex-extra

应该能解决所有的问题