葡萄酒1.6不能在Ubuntu 16.04上安装？

Question

我已经从14.04升级后卸载了葡萄酒，现在它已经不能安装了：

sudo apt install wine1.6

[..]
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 wine1.6 : Depends: wine1.6-i386 (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu14)
           Recommends: fonts-droid but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

当我跟踪这个问题时，看起来库libldap-2.4-2:i386似乎是不可安装的。这就引出了一个问题，为什么你甚至需要安装一个葡萄酒386版本？

如果不删除libreoffice和在libldap-2.4-2版本中具有amd64依赖性的其他包，那么葡萄酒是否是可安装的？

$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.canonical.com xenial InRelease                                                             
Hit:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/fkrull/deadsnakes/ubuntu trusty InRelease                                        
Hit:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu xenial InRelease                               
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
Ign:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Sources
Ign:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Sources
Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources
Ign:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Sources
Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
Ign:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Translation-en
Get:13 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [68.0 kB]
Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [43.1 kB]
Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted i386 Packages      
Ign:17 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Translation-en
Ign:18 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:19 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:21 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Translation-en
Get:22 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [25.4 kB]
Get:23 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [31.8 kB]
Ign:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse i386 Packages          
Ign:26 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Translation-en
Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [212 B]
Ign:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Ign:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Sources                  
Ign:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Sources
Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources
Ign:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Sources
Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
Ign:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Translation-en
Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:17 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Translation-en
Ign:18 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:19 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign:21 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Translation-en
Ign:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages                              
Ign:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse i386 Packages                               
Ign:26 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Translation-en                              
Ign:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse DEP-11 64x64 Icons                          
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Sources [64.9 kB]                                  
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Sources [1'872 B]                            
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources [18.6 kB]                              
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Sources [642 B]                              
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [250 kB]                           
Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages [241 kB]                            
Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Translation-en [116 kB]                           
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages [11.7 kB]                    
Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted i386 Packages [11.7 kB]                     
Get:17 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted Translation-en [2'044 B]                    
Err:18 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata                       
  Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_xenial-security_restricted_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz - open (13: Permission denied) [IP: 91.189.88.161 80]
Get:19 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [83.4 kB]                      
Get:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages [78.9 kB]                       
Get:21 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Translation-en [45.6 kB]                      
Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [2'941 B]                    
Get:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse i386 Packages [3'128 B]                     
Get:26 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Translation-en [1'053 B]                    
Ign:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse DEP-11 64x64 Icons                          
Fetched 871 kB in 8s (103 kB/s)                                                                                 
Reading package lists... Done
E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/restricted/dep11/Components-amd64.yml  Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_xenial-security_restricted_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz - open (13: Permission denied) [IP: 91.189.88.161 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

Answer 1

原来这是我的16.04不一致的状态。我不知道我是怎么做到的(因为我没有真正使用ppas)。然而，安装葡萄酒1.6是可能的。您可以尝试用aptitude解决问题。只需使用R# (在这里#必须被屏幕上看到的数字替换，在我的示例6中)就可以解决问题。

据我精通Debian的朋友说，对软件包的降级没有很高的优先级(这意味着您通常不会将其视为解决方案)。

sudo aptitude install wine

[...]

The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

      Keep the following packages at their current version:
1)      libldap-2.4-2:i386 [Not Installed]                 
2)      libosmesa6 [Not Installed]                         
3)      libosmesa6:i386 [Not Installed]                    
4)      p11-kit-modules:i386 [Not Installed]               
5)      wine [Not Installed]                               
6)      wine1.6 [Not Installed]                            
7)      wine1.6-amd64 [Not Installed]                      
8)      wine1.6-i386:i386 [Not Installed]                  

      Leave the following dependencies unresolved:         
9)      wine1.6-amd64 recommends libosmesa6                
10)     winetricks recommends wine                         
11)     wine1.6-i386:i386 recommends libosmesa6:i386       
12)     wine1.6-i386:i386 recommends p11-kit-modules:i386  


Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] R6
Rejecting the removal of wine1.6
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

      Keep the following packages at their current version:
1)      libldap-2.4-2:i386 [Not Installed]                 
2)      libosmesa6 [Not Installed]                         
3)      libosmesa6:i386 [Not Installed]                    
4)      p11-kit-modules:i386 [Not Installed]               
5)      wine [Not Installed]                               
6)  R   wine1.6 [Not Installed]                            
7)      wine1.6-amd64 [Not Installed]                      
8)      wine1.6-i386:i386 [Not Installed]                  

      Leave the following dependencies unresolved:         
9)      wine1.6-amd64 recommends libosmesa6                
10)     winetricks recommends wine                         
11)     wine1.6-i386:i386 recommends libosmesa6:i386       
12)     wine1.6-i386:i386 recommends p11-kit-modules:i386  


Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n

The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

     Keep the following packages at their current version:                          
1) R   libosmesa6 [Not Installed]                                                   
2)     libosmesa6:i386 [Not Installed]                                              

     Downgrade the following packages:                                              
3)     libldap-2.4-2 [2.4.42+dfsg-2ubuntu3.1 (now) -> 2.4.42+dfsg-2ubuntu3 (xenial)]
4)     libp11-kit0 [0.23.2-5~ubuntu16.04.1 (now) -> 0.23.2-3 (xenial)]              
5)     libp11-kit0:i386 [0.23.2-5~ubuntu16.04.1 (now) -> 0.23.2-3 (xenial)]         
6)     p11-kit [0.23.2-5~ubuntu16.04.1 (now) -> 0.23.2-3 (xenial)]                  
7)     p11-kit-modules [0.23.2-5~ubuntu16.04.1 (now) -> 0.23.2-3 (xenial)]          

     Leave the following dependencies unresolved:                                   
8)     wine1.6-amd64 recommends libosmesa6                                          
9)     wine1.6-i386:i386 recommends libosmesa6:i386                                 


Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] Y
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libldap-2.4-2 libp11-kit0 libp11-kit0:i386 p11-kit p11-kit-modules 
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fonts-horai-umefont{a} fonts-unfonts-core{a} fonts-wqy-microhei{a} gnome-exe-thumbnailer{a} icoutils{a} libasn1-8-heimdal:i386{a} libcapi20-3{a} libcapi20-3:i386{a} libexif12:i386{a} libgd3:i386{a} 
  libgif7{a} libgif7:i386{a} libglu1-mesa:i386{a} libgphoto2-6:i386{a} libgphoto2-port12:i386{a} libgssapi3-heimdal:i386{a} libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386{a} libheimbase1-heimdal:i386{a} 
  libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386{a} libhx509-5-heimdal:i386{a} libieee1284-3:i386{a} libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386{a} libldap-2.4-2:i386{a} libltdl7:i386{a} libmpg123-0:i386{a} libopenal1:i386{a} 
  libp11-kit-gnome-keyring:i386{a} libroken18-heimdal:i386{a} libsane:i386{a} libsasl2-2:i386{a} libsasl2-modules:i386{a} libsasl2-modules-db:i386{a} libusb-1.0-0:i386{a} libv4l-0:i386{a} 
  libv4lconvert0:i386{a} libvpx3:i386{a} libwind0-heimdal:i386{a} libxcomposite1:i386{a} libxcursor1:i386{a} libxinerama1:i386{a} libxpm4:i386{a} libxrandr2:i386{a} ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386{a} odbcinst{a} 
  odbcinst1debian2{a} p11-kit-modules:i386{a} p7zip{a} ttf-wqy-microhei{a} unixodbc{a} wine wine-gecko2.21{a} wine-gecko2.21:i386{a} wine-mono0.0.8{a} wine1.6{a} wine1.6-amd64{a} wine1.6-i386:i386{a} 
  winetricks{a} 
The following packages are RECOMMENDED but will NOT be installed:
  libosmesa6 libosmesa6:i386 
0 packages upgraded, 57 newly installed, 5 downgraded, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 151 MB of archives. After unpacking 483 MB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?]

正如你所看到的，在拒绝了第一个解决方案后，我们到达了libldap会被“降级”的地步。然而，这看上去并不像是一次真正的降级。它看起来更像是被推向了官方版本。

Answer 2

为什么你甚至需要安装一个葡萄酒386版本？

葡萄酒不提供64位二进制文件。您还应该在16.04上安装葡萄酒1.8。不是旧的1.6。

你可能还没把旧酒完全移走。做个..。

dpkg-query --list 'wine*'

安装了ii的行。清除他们。做个..。

which wine

并确保所有引用都被删除。那就做个..。

sudo apt-get autoremove

在这一点上，你的系统应该干净的葡萄酒。还可以查看您的主页中与葡萄酒相关的目录(ls -la列出隐藏目录)。把那些也移走。

从开发版本中安装葡萄酒。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-devel

并使用winecfg安装所有需求。

还可以从葡萄酒网站安装winetricks。

Answer 3

也许安装一个新版本的葡萄酒，大量的新版本已经发布，除了1.6，也许1.8或1.9？较新的版本意味着它们被更新了，并且可能会解决兼容性(以及其他问题)。