后缀:连接到Milter服务内:127.0.0.1:8891:连接被拒绝

Question

我注意到，如果键入service后缀状态，milter会出现错误：

Jul 01 17:39:01 mail postfix/cleanup[13921]: warning: connect to Milter service inet:127.0.0.1:8891: Connection refused

但这意味着什么，我该如何解决呢？与DKIM有关吗？因为我试着设置它，但它仍然不起作用。你需要帮助哪些文件？这是我的opendkim.conf：

## CONFIGURATION OPTIONS

# Specifies the path to the process ID file.
PidFile /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid

# Selects operating modes. Valid modes are s (signer) and v (verifier). Default is v.
Mode    sv

# Log activity to the system log.
Syslog  yes

# Log additional entries indicating successful signing or verification of messages.
SyslogSuccess yes

# If logging is enabled, include detailed logging about why or why not a message was
# signed or verified. This causes a large increase in the amount of log data generated
# for each message, so it should be limited to debugging use only.
#LogWhy yes

# Attempt to become the specified user before starting operations.
UserID  opendkim:opendkim

# Create a socket through which your MTA can communicate.
Socket  inet:8891@127.0.0.1

# Required to use local socket with MTAs that access the socket as a non-
# privileged user (e.g. Postfix)
Umask   002

# This specifies a file in which to store DKIM transaction statistics.
#Statistics              /var/spool/opendkim/stats.dat

## SIGNING OPTIONS

# Selects the canonicalization method(s) to be used when signing messages.
Canonicalization        relaxed/simple

# Domain(s) whose mail should be signed by this filter. Mail from other domains will
# be verified rather than being signed. Uncomment and use your domain name.
# This parameter is not required if a SigningTable is in use.
# Domain                  DOMAIN.de

# Defines the name of the selector to be used when signing messages.
Selector                default

# Gives the location of a private key to be used for signing ALL messages.
#ORIG (AUSGEKLAMMERT): KeyFile                 /etc/opendkim/keys/default.private
KeyFile                 /etc/opendkim/keys/default.private

# Gives the location of a file mapping key names to signing keys. In simple terms,
# this tells OpenDKIM where to find your keys. If present, overrides any KeyFile
# setting in the configuration file.
KeyTable                 refile:/etc/opendkim/KeyTable

# Defines a table used to select one or more signatures to apply to a message based
# on the address found in the From: header field. In simple terms, this tells
# OpenDKIM how to use your keys.
SigningTable                 refile:/etc/opendkim/SigningTable

# Identifies a set of "external" hosts that may send mail through the server as one
# of the signing domains without credentials as such.
ExternalIgnoreList      refile:/etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts

# Identifies a set internal hosts whose mail should be signed rather than verified.
InternalHosts           refile:/etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts

Answer 1

正如Esa回答的那样，它与OpenDKIM有关。

但是，通过查看服务文件(Ubuntu16.04，使用systemctl)，我注意到服务使用位于/etc/default/opendkim中的一个文件

# Command-line options specified here will override the contents of
# /etc/opendkim.conf. See opendkim(8) for a complete list of options.
#DAEMON_OPTS=""
#
# Uncomment to specify an alternate socket
# Note that setting this will override any Socket value in opendkim.conf
# default:
SOCKET="local:/var/run/opendkim/opendkim.sock"
# listen on all interfaces on port 54321:
#SOCKET="inet:54321"
# listen on loopback on port 12345:
#SOCKET="inet:12345@localhost"
# listen on 192.0.2.1 on port 12345:
#SOCKET="inet:12345@192.0.2.1"

注意第6行，它声明这里的设置将覆盖opendkim.conf中的任何套接字值。

我试着简单地注释掉这里的所有行，以便将其还原回配置，但它似乎对我不起作用。

若要解决此问题，请修改文件以将套接字环境变量设置为所需。

# Command-line options specified here will override the contents of
# /etc/opendkim.conf. See opendkim(8) for a complete list of options.
#DAEMON_OPTS=""
#
# Uncomment to specify an alternate socket
# Note that setting this will override any Socket value in opendkim.conf
# default:
#SOCKET="local:/var/run/opendkim/opendkim.sock"
# listen on all interfaces on port 54321:
#SOCKET="inet:54321"
# listen on loopback on port 12345:
SOCKET="inet:8891@localhost"
# listen on 192.0.2.1 on port 12345:
#SOCKET="inet:12345@192.0.2.1"

最后，使用sudo service opendkim restart重新启动opendkim

sudo nano /etc/default/opendkim，编辑SOCKET设置，然后重新启动opendkim。

Answer 2

OpenDKIM是一种不同的服务。看看它是否在运行。你可以试试

sudo service opendkim restart

看看这是否会导致错误。

考虑到您有Socket inet:8891@127.0.0.1，并且后缀正在尝试连接到端口8891，配置似乎还可以。您可以使用netstat -l或lsof -i来检查OpenDKIM是否确实在监听端口8891。

Answer 3

在我的情况下，对于两个不同的Ubuntu和Debian服务器，问题在于opendkim的systemd服务文件损坏了。配置文件是绝对正常的，但是服务文件可能是由旧版本生成的。要重新生成服务文件并重新处理问题，只需运行以下命令：

sudo /lib/opendkim/opendkim.service.generate

再装

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo service opendkim restart

见此处：https://serverfault.com/a/847442/84962