apt-获取安装包-尝试升级不需要的软件包

Question

如何防止这么多额外的安装和升级？相反，只需安装apt文件包及其依赖项.？

所有额外的软件包和升级只需要apt文件包吗？

    apt-get install apt-file
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
      libhtml-template-perl libkadm5clnt-mit7 libkadm5srv-mit7 libdb4.7 libkdb5-4
    Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
    The following extra packages will be installed:
      apt apt-utils aptitude aptitude-common cpp-4.4 curl g++-4.4 gcc-4.4
      gcc-4.4-base gcc-4.7-base krb5-locales krb5-multidev libacl1 libapt-inst1.5
      libapt-pkg-perl libapt-pkg4.12 libattr1 libboost-iostreams1.49.0 libc-bin
     libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev libc6-i386 libclass-isa-perl
     libconfig-file-perl libcurl3 libdb5.1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl
     libept1.4.12 libexpat1 libfont-freetype-perl libgcc1 libglib2.0-0 libgmp10
     libgnutls26 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssglue1 libgssrpc4 libk5crypto3
     libkadm5clnt-mit8 libkadm5srv-mit8 libkdb5-6 libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dbg
     libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0 liblist-moreutils-perl liblocale-gettext-perl
     libmpfr4 libmysqlclient18 libp11-kit0 libpango1.0-0 libpcre3 libperl5.14
     libregexp-assemble-perl librtmp0 libsmbclient libsnmp-base libsnmp15
     libssh2-1 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev libswitch-perl
     libtalloc2 libtdb1 libtext-charwidth-perl libtext-iconv-perl libuuid-perl
     libwbclient0 libxapian22 locales make mysql-client mysql-client-5.5
     mysql-common perl perl-base perl-modules python python-apt python-minimal
     python-support python-xapian python2.7 python2.7-minimal samba samba-common
     smbclient update-inetd winbind zlib1g
   Suggested packages:
     apt-doc debtags gcc-4.4-locales g++-4.4-multilib gcc-4.4-doc
     libstdc++6-4.4-dbg gcc-4.4-multilib libmudflap0-4.4-dev libgcc1-dbg
     libgomp1-dbg libmudflap0-dbg libcloog-ppl0 libppl-c2 libppl7 krb5-doc
     glibc-doc krb5-user ttf-baekmuk ttf-arphic-gbsn00lp ttf-arphic-bsmi00lp
     ttf-arphic-gkai00mp ttf-arphic-bkai00mp snmp-mibs-downloader
     libstdc++6-4.4-doc xapian-tools make-doc libterm-readkey-perl perl-doc
     libterm-readline-gnu-perl libterm-readline-perl-perl libpod-plainer-perl
     python-doc python-tk python-apt-dbg python-gtk2 python-vte python-apt-doc
     xapian-doc python2.7-doc binfmt-support smbldap-tools ldb-tools ctdb
   Recommended packages:
     aptitude-doc-en aptitude-doc libparse-debianchangelog-perl manpages-dev
     libglib2.0-data tdb-tools libpam-winbind libnss-winbind
   The following packages will be REMOVED:
     defoma gcc-4.3 libbind9-40 libdns45 libept1 libisccfg40 libkrb53
     libpango1.0-common libperl5.10 mysql-client-5.1 mysql-server-5.1
     mysql-server-core-5.1
   The following NEW packages will be installed:
     apt-file aptitude-common curl gcc-4.7-base krb5-locales libapt-inst1.5
     libapt-pkg-perl libapt-pkg4.12 libboost-iostreams1.49.0 libclass-isa-perl
     libconfig-file-perl libcurl3 libdb5.1 libept1.4.12 libgmp10
     libkadm5clnt-mit8 libkadm5srv-mit8 libkdb5-6 liblist-moreutils-perl
     libmysqlclient18 libp11-kit0 libperl5.14 libregexp-assemble-perl librtmp0
     libssh2-1 libssl1.0.0 libswitch-perl mysql-client-5.5 python2.7
     python2.7-minimal
   The following packages will be upgraded:
     apt apt-utils aptitude cpp-4.4 g++-4.4 gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base krb5-multidev
     libacl1 libattr1 libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev libc6-i386
     libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libexpat1 libfont-freetype-perl libgcc1
     libglib2.0-0 libgnutls26 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssglue1 libgssrpc4
     libk5crypto3 libkrb5-3 libkrb5-dbg libkrb5-dev libkrb5support0
     liblocale-gettext-perl libmpfr4 libpango1.0-0 libpcre3 libsmbclient
     libsnmp-base libsnmp15 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev libtalloc2 libtdb1
     libtext-charwidth-perl libtext-iconv-perl libuuid-perl libwbclient0
     libxapian22 locales make mysql-client mysql-common perl perl-base
     perl-modules python python-apt python-minimal python-support python-xapian
     samba samba-common smbclient update-inetd winbind zlib1g
   65 upgraded, 30 newly installed, 12 to remove and 465 not upgraded.
   Need to get 89.4 MB of archives.
   After this operation, 2,526 kB of additional disk space will be used.
   Do you want to continue [Y/n]? n
   Abort.

Answer 1

看，当您运行服务器时，您应该只需要运行您的东西所需的包。其他的都是垃圾。您应该只有来自受信任源的存储库，这些存储库提供了支持的包。所有其他的东西都是不必要的。我给你的建议：

• 从你不需要的东西中清理你的服务器
• 从你不需要的东西中清理你的适当来源列表
• 做sudo apt-get update，sudo apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-ugprade，不要跳过升级(当然，我们建议您查看更改日志，看看哪些漏洞/bug是通过更新解决的，以及您是否可以利用某些软件包的新的有用设置)

这样做，您就不会有那么多“附加”包(其中大部分是依赖项)来安装(我看到了很多库，您应该更经常地更新服务器)。