ImportError:没有名为debian.deb822的模块

Question

我的Ubuntu14.04设置似乎是无可救药的混乱，以至于我无法再成功地安装任何使用apt-get安装的软件包。常见的错误是“没有模块名为debian.deb822”。下面是一个例子。请注意，我的目标不一定是安装这个特定的软件包；只是为了能够安装任何软件包。任何帮助都将不胜感激！

box:~/python> sudo apt-get install update-notifier
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
apturl is already the newest version.
apturl-common is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 394 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up update-notifier-common (0.154.1ubuntu1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 26, in <module>
    import debian.deb822
ImportError: No module named debian.deb822
dpkg: error processing package update-notifier-common (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-notifier:
 update-notifier depends on update-notifier-common (= 0.154.1ubuntu1); however:
  Package update-notifier-common is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-notifier (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-manager:
 update-manager depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-manager (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:
 ubuntu-desktop depends on ubuntu-releasNo apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                  No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
            No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                                          No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                        e-upgrader-gtk; however:
  Package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 update-notifier-common
 update-notifier
 update-manager
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk
 ubuntu-desktop
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

编辑1:运行"sudo apt-get update“和"sudo apt-get升级”后，输出略有不同，但会引发相同的错误：

box:~> sudo apt-get upgrade update-notifier
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
update-notifier is already the newest version.
The following packages have been kept back:
  libreoffice libreoffice-base libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-base-drivers
  libreoffice-calc libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-draw
  libreoffice-gnome libreoffice-gtk libreoffice-gtk3 libreoffice-help-en-us
  libreoffice-impress libreoffice-math libreoffice-style-galaxy
  libreoffice-style-human libreoffice-style-tango libreoffice-writer
  linux-generic linux-generic-lts-vivid linux-headers-generic
  linux-headers-generic-lts-vivid linux-image-generic
  linux-image-generic-lts-vivid linux-signed-generic-lts-vivid
  linux-signed-image-generic-lts-vivid linux-tools-virtual-lts-wily
  openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless python3-uno shim-signed
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 32 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up update-notifier-common (0.154.1ubuntu1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 26, in <module>
    import debian.deb822
ImportError: No module named debian.deb822
dpkg: error processing package update-notifier-common (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-notifier:
 update-notifier depends on update-notifier-common (= 0.154.1ubuntu1); however:
  Package update-notifier-common is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-notifier (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-manager:
 update-manager depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-manager (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:
 ubuntu-desktop depends on ubuntu-releasNo apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                  No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
            No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                                          No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                        e-upgrader-gtk; however:
  Package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

编辑2:在运行@Raphael之后，S建议修复输出，但问题仍然存在：

box:~/Downloads> sudo apt-get install update-notifier
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
update-notifier is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libreoffice-gtk3 linux-headers-3.13.0-77 linux-headers-3.13.0-77-generic
  linux-image-3.13.0-77-generic linux-image-extra-3.13.0-77-generic
  linux-lts-wily-tools-4.2.0-27 linux-tools-4.2.0-27-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up update-notifier-common (0.154.1ubuntu1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 26, in <module>
    import debian.deb822
ImportError: No module named debian.deb822
dpkg: error processing package update-notifier-common (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-notifier:
 update-notifier depends on update-notifier-common (= 0.154.1ubuntu1); however:
  Package update-notifier-common is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-notifier (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of update-manager:
 update-manager depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package update-manager (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:
 ubuntu-desktop depends on ubuntu-releasNo apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                  No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
            No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                                          No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                        e-upgrader-gtk; however:
  Package ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-manager; however:
  Package update-manager is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-desktop depends on update-notifier; however:
  Package update-notifier is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 update-notifier-common
 update-notifier
 update-manager
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk
 ubuntu-desktop
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Answer 1

问题是安装了Python“deb822”和"apt"-related包，但没有安装在正确的位置。我(1)使用locate deb822确定了这些人的位置，(2)确定了他们“应该”生活的地方：

python
import numpy
print numpy

然后(3)通过以下方式将文件复制到适当的目录中：

sudo cp -r /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apt* /appropriate_directory/python2.7/site-packages/
sudo cp -r /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/deb* /appropriate_directory/python2.7/site-packages/

在那之后，sudo apt-get install X似乎工作得很好。

Answer 2

来自Ubuntuforums：

这是由于包python-six不可用所致。

要安装它，请执行以下操作：

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install --reinstall python-six

编辑1:-

由于apt-get install似乎无法工作，所以可以使用以下方法手动安装：

cd ~/Downloads; wget -c http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/s/six/python-six_1.10.0-3_all.deb; sudo dpkg -i python-six_1.10.0-3_all.deb

编辑2:-

来自Debian：

单个或多个etc 822风格段落的控制文件，例如debian/control、.changes、.dsc、包、源、版本等(debian.deb822模块)

所以你可能需要那个包裹。安装：

cd ~/Downloads; wget -c http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/python-debian/python-debian_0.1.28_all.deb; sudo dpkg -i python-six_1.10.0-3_all.deb

Answer 3

您有394个尚未更新的包。这很可能导致了依赖性问题。跑

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade