如何在安装过程中确定NMVe SSD的设备名称

Question

我正在开始安装16.04 Ubuntu风格的钻机。我将在一个NMVe配置中使用两个RAID0 SSD。我有所有的命令排列，我只是错过了一个关键的一点:SSD的实际设备名称。安装DVD以/dev /sd 1的形式挂载，但除了/dev中的/dev/sd*设备外，我没有看到任何其他/dev/sd*设备。

我是一个旧式的Linux家伙，我知道/dev文件系统在过去几年中已经发生了多次变化。我怎么知道设备的名字？

关于我的机器的一个额外的信息是，它有一个SLI配置，它占用了来自发令集AFAIK的PCIe线路(这就是为什么普通GT80没有NMVe M.2s AFAIK)，所以很有可能，MSI可能在GT80S Titan系列中使用了额外的芯片组来提供PCIe线路(?)我不确定这是否会影响设备名称，NMVe驱动器肯定不在SATAIII控制器上。

RAID卷在BIOS中配置和组装。我可以在20分钟内成功安装Win10，这样它们就可以正常工作了。在Ubuntu安装期间，我关闭安全模式并使用CSM设置UEFI。

sda这里有一个拇指驱动器：

root@ubuntu-studio:~# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    1  1.9G  0 disk 
└─sda1   8:1    1  1.9G  0 part /media/ubuntu-studio/D43E-C473
sr0     11:0    1  2.6G  0 rom  /cdrom
loop0    7:0    0  2.5G  1 loop /rofs

RAID控制器在那里。它被列为AHCI是一个问题吗？

root@ubuntu-studio:~# lspci -nnk
00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Sky Lake Host Bridge/DRAM Registers [8086:1910] (rev 07)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Skylake Host Bridge/DRAM Registers [1462:1171]
00:01.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sky Lake PCIe Controller (x16) [8086:1901] (rev 07)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:01.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sky Lake PCIe Controller (x8) [8086:1905] (rev 07)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:08.0 System peripheral [0880]: Intel Corporation Sky Lake Gaussian Mixture Model [8086:1911]
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Skylake Gaussian Mixture Model [1462:1171]
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI Controller [8086:a12f] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI Controller [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
00:14.2 Signal processing controller [1180]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H Thermal subsystem [8086:a131] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H Thermal subsystem [1462:1171]
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H CSME HECI #1 [8086:a13a] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H CSME HECI [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: mei_me
    Kernel modules: mei_me
00:17.0 RAID bus controller [0104]: Intel Corporation SATA Controller [RAID mode] [8086:2822] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] SATA Controller [RAID mode] [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: ahci
    Kernel modules: ahci
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PCI Express Root Port #1 [8086:a110] (rev f1)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PCI Express Root Port #2 [8086:a111] (rev f1)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PCI Express Root Port #3 [8086:a112] (rev f1)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PCI Express Root Port #4 [8086:a113] (rev f1)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.4 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PCI Express Root Port #5 [8086:a114] (rev f1)
    Kernel driver in use: pcieport
    Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H LPC Controller [8086:a150] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H LPC Controller [1462:1171]
00:1f.2 Memory controller [0580]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H PMC [8086:a121] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H PMC [1462:1171]
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H HD Audio [8086:a170] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H HD Audio [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
    Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1f.4 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H SMBus [8086:a123] (rev 31)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Sunrise Point-H SMBus [1462:1171]
    Kernel modules: i2c_i801
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GM204M [GeForce GTX 970M] [10de:13d8] (rev a1)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] GM204M [GeForce GTX 970M] [1462:1171]
    Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau
01:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GM204 High Definition Audio Controller [10de:0fbb] (rev a1)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] GM204 High Definition Audio Controller [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
    Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
02:00.0 3D controller [0302]: NVIDIA Corporation GM204M [GeForce GTX 970M] [10de:13d8] (rev a1)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] GM204M [GeForce GTX 970M] [1462:1171]
    Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau
04:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter [168c:003e] (rev 32)
    Subsystem: Bigfoot Networks, Inc. QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter [1a56:1535]
    Kernel driver in use: ath10k_pci
    Kernel modules: ath10k_pci
05:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5249 PCI Express Card Reader [10ec:5249] (rev 01)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] RTS5249 PCI Express Card Reader [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: rtsx_pci
    Kernel modules: rtsx_pci
06:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller [1969:e0a1] (rev 10)
    Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet Controller [1462:1171]
    Kernel driver in use: alx
    Kernel modules: alx

我也试过了

~# dmraid -r *
no block devices found

Answer 1

解决方案的关键是将BIOS中的控制器从RAID模式切换到AHCI。在那之后，Linux看到了设备(/dev/nvme0p0，/dev/nvme1p0)。

NVMe驱动器可以以多种不同的方式驱动:参见https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2中的第一张图。我仍然需要尝试nvme_load=YES引导选项是如何影响这种情况的，因为AHCI的参与应该不会提供最佳的性能。

我得到的最大帮助是：

1. https://superuser.com/questions/1022849/m-2-samsung-sm951-nvme-ssd-not-recognized-on-linux
2. http://www.dell.com/support/article/us/en/19/SLN299303/pt
3. https://docs.google.com/document/d/16d0zsdNJ48A7HVA1VfGlMORxA6BudN0d-lLQN1vA1E4/edit

我以UbuntuStudio16.04结束，我用btrfs实现了RAID。这证明了安装的最后部分。毕竟，英特尔的RST将是一次软突袭，而btrfs的表现应该是好的。1TB的fstrim可以持续24小时是另一种体验

每周一次的工作仍然需要很长的时间(通常是30-60分钟或更长时间)，星期一早上.