无法将du更新/升级为“无法执行”apt-key“以验证签名”。

Question

上周，我在我的服务器上安装了Ubuntu16.04，安装在一个数字海洋液滴上，从那时起，我无法更新或升级我的服务器上的任何内容。Ma版Linux 3.5.0-17-generic #28-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 9 19:31:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

我在sudo apt-get update之后得到了这个错误：

Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu xenial InRelease [23.9 kB]
Ign:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu xenial InRelease                                                                          
Hit:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease                                                                    
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease [247 kB]                                       
Err:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
Err:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease     
  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
Hit:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
Err:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
Hit:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
Err:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
Fetched 272 kB in 0s (363 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu xenial         InRelease: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu xenial InRelease' is not signed.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: GPG error: https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial Release: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: The repository 'https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial Release' is not signed.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease: Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/InRelease  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/InRelease  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports/InRelease  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/InRelease  Could not execute 'apt-key' to verify signature (is gnupg installed?)
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

我查了一下apt-key，它在那里工作。

Answer 1

我在数码海洋的Ubuntu水滴上也遇到了同样的问题(在发行版升级之后)。

只需升级您的内核在数字海洋管理网站(是的，这是奇怪的)。在左侧的菜单中有一个“内核”选项，您可以在其中选择一个新的内核映像。

在我的例子中，升级是从3.x升级到4.x系列

Answer 2

将/tmp的权限更改为它们的缺省值对我有用：

sudo chmod 1777 /tmp

Answer 3

在我的例子中，我使用AppArmor并在sshd上启用了抱怨模式。通过aa-disable /usr/sbin/sshd禁用它并重新连接解决了我的问题。