pkgProblemResolver：：解析生成的中断Ubuntu 15.10

Question

当我试图安装一些东西，我收到了一个依赖错误和一个不正确的gcc-5基版本安装。

当我把sudo apt安装任何程序时：

Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 cpp-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 ddd : Depends: libxm4 (>= 2.3.4) but it is not going to be installed
 g++-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 gcc-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libasan2 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libatomic1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libc-l10n : Breaks: locales (< 2.21-0experimental1) but 2.13+git20120306-21 is to be installed
 libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is to be installed
 libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is to be installed
 libcc1-0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libcilkrts5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libgcc-5-dev : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libgcc1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libgomp1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libitm1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 liblsan0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libmpx0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libquadmath0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libstdc++-5-dev : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
 libstdc++6 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

然后，我把sudo apt -f安装：

Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 cpp-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 g++-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 gcc-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libasan2 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libatomic1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libc-l10n : Breaks: locales (< 2.21-0experimental1) but 2.13+git20120306-21 is  
installed
 libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is installed
 libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is installed
 libcc1-0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libcilkrts5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgcc-5-dev : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgcc1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgomp1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libitm1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 liblsan0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libmpx0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libquadmath0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

我尝试使用sudo apt更新(它可以工作，但问题仍然存在)，以及sudo apt升级，但在这一点上我也有同样的错误：

Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 cpp-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 g++-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 gcc-5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libasan2 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libatomic1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libc-l10n : Breaks: locales (< 2.21-0experimental1) but 2.13+git20120306-21 is  
installed
 libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is installed
 libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.21-6) but 2.21-0ubuntu4 is installed
 libcc1-0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libcilkrts5 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgcc-5-dev : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgcc1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libgomp1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libitm1 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 liblsan0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libmpx0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
 libquadmath0 : Depends: gcc-5-base (= 5.2.1-22ubuntu2) but 5.3.1-5 is installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

Answer 1

我也有同样的问题并解决了。在我用gcc手动安装了一个不正确的dpkg版本后，出现了这个问题。

首先，您需要知道是哪个包导致了依赖问题。使用dpkg -l | grep gcc从不同的包版本中查找错误的gcc包。gcc-5-base是对我来说不正确的版本包。

然后我尝试重新安装gcc-5-base包，使用sudo apt-get install --reinstall gcc-5-base。但是，在此命令之后会出现错误。错误喜欢：

dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/DEB PAKCAGENAME (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite shared '/usr/share/doc/"DIR NAME"/"FILE NAME"', which is different from other instances of package PAKCAGENAME

重命名目录名，错误将被修复。请参阅apt-获取错误:试图覆盖共享的“文件名”，这与包“包”的其他实例不同.

现在，使用sudo apt-get install --reinstall gcc-5-base获得gcc-5基的前一个版本.

我希望它对你有用。