安装Jhbuild的正确方法是什么？

Question

我运行的是ubuntu14.04，我在安装Jhbuild时遇到了困难。当我遇到错误的时候，我会跟踪各种链接，它们总是一样的。

这些链接是：

• http://python-gtk-3-tutorial.readthedocs.org/en/latest/install.html
• https://wiki.gnome.org/HowDoI/Jhbuild
• https://developer.gnome.org/jhbuild/unstable/getting-started.html.en

步骤1：jhbuild sanitycheck

安装后，运行jhbuild sanitycheck抛出的错误(比如某样东西)和一些目录问题(如no directories或writable issues )都会丢失。因此，我要么使用synaptic package manager或sudo apt-get install命令来安装它们，然后在出现提示时使文件夹可写。在完成这些步骤之后，运行jhbuild sanitycheck成功地运行，没有任何错误。

步骤2：jhbuild build

当我运行jhbuild build时

W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> gvfs -> glib
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> glib-networking -> glib
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> dconf
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> evolution-data-server -> gtk+ -> adwaita-icon-theme -> gtk+
W: gnome-control-center has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: gnome-control-center has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: mutter has a dependency on unknown "libXi" module
W: mutter has a dependency on unknown "xwayland" module
W: grilo-plugins has a dependency on unknown "libdmapsharing" module
W: meta-gnome-apps-tested has a dependency on unknown "aisleriot" module
W: gnome-initial-setup has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: gnome-software has a dependency on unknown "fwupd" module
W: rygel has a dependency on unknown "valadoc" module
Required packages:
  System installed packages which are too old:
    (none)
  No matching system package installed:
    cups (required=1.4)
    cyrus-sasl 
    libtiff 
    ppp 
    file 
    libacl 
    krb5 
    xmlto 
    wireless-tools (required=25)
    gpgme (required=1.0.0)
    mpfr 
    espeak (required=1.46.02)
jhbuild build: Required system dependencies not installed. Install using the command 'jhbuild sysdeps --install' or to ignore system dependencies use command-line option --nodeps

那么，如果我运行jhbuild sysdeps --install

W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> gvfs -> glib
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> glib-networking -> glib
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> dconf -> glib -> dconf
W: Circular dependencies detected: meta-gnome-core -> meta-gnome-core-shell -> evolution-data-server -> gtk+ -> adwaita-icon-theme -> gtk+
W: gnome-control-center has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: gnome-control-center has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: mutter has a dependency on unknown "libXi" module
W: mutter has a dependency on unknown "xwayland" module
W: grilo-plugins has a dependency on unknown "libdmapsharing" module
W: meta-gnome-apps-tested has a dependency on unknown "aisleriot" module
W: gnome-initial-setup has a dependency on unknown "network-manager-applet" module
W: gnome-software has a dependency on unknown "fwupd" module
W: rygel has a dependency on unknown "valadoc" module
System installed packages which are new enough:
    python2-devel (required=2.5)
    libv4l 
    doxygen (required=1.8.1)
    gmime (required=2.6.6)
    libvirt (required=1.0.6)
    ragel 
    libXdamage 
    enchant (required=1.6.0)
    dotconf (required=1.3)
    libvpx 
    cairomm (required=1.8.4)
    libxkbfile 
    exempi (required=2.2.0)
    spamassassin 
    libxklavier (required=5.0)
    ruby 
    opus (required=1.0)
    libxml2 (required=2.7.8)
    sbc (required=1.1)
    xcb-dri2 (required=1.8.1)
    libxml2-python 
    shared-mime-info (required=1.0)
    libXext 
    libxslt (required=1.1.26)
    flac (required=1.1.4)
    python-devel (required=3.2)
    libyaml 
    flex (required=2.0)
    xorg-xproto 
    libwebp 
    freetype2 (required=2.4.9)
    speex (required=1.2rc1)
    gbm 
    sqlite3 (required=3.7.3)
    nss (required=3.12.11)
    startup-notification (required=0.12)
    zlib 
    nspr (required=4.9.2)
    taglib (required=1.5)
    dvdread (required=4.2.0)
    mtdev (required=1.1.1)
    texinfo 
    gettext-bin 
    openssl 
    wayland-egl (required=1.0)
    p11-kit (required=0.19.0)
    gl 
    libXcursor 
    xcb (required=1.10)
    pixman (required=0.30)
    gnutls (required=3.1)
    wavpack (required=4.2)
    gnupg (required=1.4)
    polkit-agent (required=0.102)
    xcb-xkb (required=1.10)
    gperf 
    polkit-gobject (required=0.103)
    xkeyboard-config 
    alsa (required=1.0.19)
    poppler (required=0.24.0)
    gudev (required=173)
    highlight 
    intltool (required=0.50)
    py3cairo (required=1.10.0)
    iptables 
    libcanberra (required=0.30)
    json (required=0.11)
    anthy (required=9100h)
    js24 (required=24.2)
    libcap 
    libdb 
    libatasmart (required=0.17)
    libdrm (required=2.4.45)
    egl (required=10.1.3)
    libexif (required=0.6.19)
    xorg-wacom 
    libcanberra-gtk3 
    libffi (required=3.0.0)
    libXinerama 
    libhangul (required=0.1.0)
    libgcrypt (required=1.5.0)
    exiv2 (required=0)
    WebKit1 (required=2.0.0)
    libgphoto2 (required=2.4.13)
    xmlcatalog 
    libicu (required=4)
    libproxy 
    xmllint 
    libjpeg 
    libnl (required=3.2.7)
    xsltproc 
    libnl-genl (required=3.2.7)
    libXrandr (required=1.3)
    libXcomposite 
    libnl-route (required=3.2.7)
    automake 
    liboauth (required=0.9.4)
    cmake 
    libpinyin 
    libXft (required=2.0.0)
    libpng 
    libmusicbrainz (required=5.0)
    avahi (required=0.6.31)
    make 
    bison (required=2.4)
    bogofilter 
    libXt 
    libsndfile (required=1.0.21)
    libXfixes 
    libXtst (required=1)
    c++ 
    libsystemd (required=210)
    wget 
    xorg-macros 
    libsystemd-daemon (required=210)
    libtool 
    cc 
    libsystemd-journal (required=201)
    libarchive (required=3.0.0)
    libsystemd-login (required=210)
    xorg-kbproto 
    libtasn1 (required=2.7)
    sm 
    dbus (required=1.4.10)
    libtool-ltdl 
    glu 
    dbus-glib (required=0.98)
    libudev (required=143)
    libX11 
    libusb1 
    docbook-xsl 
    libuuid 
    smbclient 
Required packages:
  System installed packages which are too old:
    (none)
  No matching system package installed:
    espeak (required=1.46.02)
    mpfr 
    wireless-tools (required=25)
    cups (required=1.4)
    gpgme (required=1.0.0)
    ppp 
    libacl 
    krb5 
    file 
    xmlto 
    cyrus-sasl 
    libtiff 
Optional packages: (JHBuild will build the missing packages)
  System installed packages which are too old:
    (none)
  No matching system package installed:
I: Installing dependencies on system: espeak mpfr wireless-tools cups gpgme ppp libacl krb5 file xmlto cyrus-sasl libtiff
I: Using apt-file to search for providers; this may be slow.  Please wait.
I: No native package found for espeak (/usr/include/espeak/speak_lib.h)
I: No native package found for mpfr (/usr/include/mpfr.h)
I: No native package found for wireless-tools (/usr/include/wireless.h)
I: No native package found for cups (/usr/bin/cups-config)
I: No native package found for gpgme (/usr/bin/gpgme-config)
I: No native package found for ppp (/usr/include/pppd/pppd.h)
I: No native package found for libacl (/usr/include/sys/acl.h)
I: No native package found for krb5 (/usr/bin/krb5-config)
I: No native package found for file (/usr/include/magic.h)
I: No native package found for xmlto (/usr/bin/xmlto)
I: No native package found for cyrus-sasl (/usr/include/sasl/sasl.h)
I: No native package found for libtiff (/usr/include/tiff.h)
I: Nothing to install

尝试在google上搜索错误，没有任何帮助。在这一点上卡住了，一遍又一遍地移除它们，尝试完全重新安装。需要帮助..。

Answer 1

我个人使用的另一种方法是apt-file

sudo apt-get install apt-file
apt-file update

现在您可以在包中搜索丢失的文件，例如：

% apt-file search /usr/include/sasl/sasl.h
libsasl2-dev: /usr/include/sasl/sasl.h

因此：

sudo apt-get install libsasl2-dev

或者另一个例子

% apt-file search /usr/bin/cups-config
libcups2-dev: /usr/bin/cups-config

因此

sudo apt-get install libcups2-dev

Answer 2

日志的最后一部分将帮助您找到要安装的包，因为debian包的名称(总是)并不像错误日志中所述的那样准确。

所以你必须安装：

I: No native package found for espeak (/usr/include/espeak/speak_lib.h)
I: No native package found for mpfr (/usr/include/mpfr.h)
I: No native package found for wireless-tools (/usr/include/wireless.h)
I: No native package found for cups (/usr/bin/cups-config)
I: No native package found for gpgme (/usr/bin/gpgme-config)
I: No native package found for ppp (/usr/include/pppd/pppd.h)
I: No native package found for libacl (/usr/include/sys/acl.h)
I: No native package found for krb5 (/usr/bin/krb5-config)
I: No native package found for file (/usr/include/magic.h)
I: No native package found for xmlto (/usr/bin/xmlto)
I: No native package found for cyrus-sasl (/usr/include/sasl/sasl.h)
I: No native package found for libtiff (/usr/include/tiff.h)

例如，要查找要安装哪个包以获取mpfr和/usr/include/mpfr.h，请在packages.ubuntu.com上使用包内容搜索引擎

您将立即知道要安装哪个包，这里是sudo apt-get install libmpfr-dev：

为了实现jhbuild build，您必须安装的大多数包都是以-dev结尾的包，其中包含缺少的头文件。所以它将是libespeak-dev而不是espeak。