在ubuntu软件包上安装postgres不可用

Question

我正在用Ruby和Postgres建立一个VPS。在我的本地机器上，我安装了postgresql 9.2.3 (客户机和服务器)，因此希望在我的VPS上安装同样的。按照这篇博客文章的说明，http://hendrelouw73.wordpress.com/2012/11/14/how-to-install-postgresql-9-1-on-ubuntu-12-10-linux/for在ubuntu上安装postgres (唯一的区别是我试图安装9.2.3 )。(他安装了9.1)，我做了以下工作

sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2.3
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package postgresql-9.2.3
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'postgresql-9.2.3'

但是，正如您所看到的，它找不到包postgresql-9.2.3。然而，我已经在我的本地机器上安装了这个包(我用Homebrew安装在我的Mac上)。

你能帮我理解我做错了什么吗？

我还试着安装它，像你在下面看到的那样，在结尾处保留'3‘，但是它并没有像你所看到的那样工作。

 sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package postgresql-9.2 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'postgresql-9.2' has no installation candidate

更新

Ign http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security InRelease
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal InRelease
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security Release.gpg
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates InRelease
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security Release
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal Release.gpg
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates Release.gpg [933 B]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security/main i386 Packages
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal Release
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates Release [49.6 kB]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/main i386 Packages 
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/universe i386 Packages
Ign http://security.ubuntu.com quantal-security/main Translation-en_US
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/universe Translation-en
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/main i386 Packages [259 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/universe i386 Packages [192 kB]
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/main Translation-en
Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/universe Translation-en
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal/universe Translation-en_US
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com quantal-updates/universe Translation-en_US
Fetched 501 kB in 3s (148 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
postgresql-9.1 - object-relational SQL database, version 9.1 server
postgresql-9.1-dbg - debug symbols for postgresql-9.1
postgresql-9.1-debversion - Debian version number type for PostgreSQL
postgresql-9.1-ip4r - IPv4 and IPv4 range index types for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-orafce - Oracle support functions for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-pgfincore - set of PostgreSQL functions to manage blocks in memory
postgresql-9.1-pgmemcache - PostgreSQL interface to memcached
postgresql-9.1-pgmp - arbitrary precision integers and rationals for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-pgpool2 - connection pool server and replication proxy for PostgreSQL - modules
postgresql-9.1-pljava-gcj - Java procedural language for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-pllua - Lua procedural language for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-plproxy - database partitioning system for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-plr - Procedural language interface between PostgreSQL and R
postgresql-9.1-plsh - PL/sh procedural language for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-postgis - Geographic objects support for PostgreSQL 9.1
postgresql-9.1-prefix - Prefix Range module for PostgreSQL
postgresql-9.1-preprepare - Pre Prepare your Statement server side
postgresql-9.1-slony1-2 - replication system for PostgreSQL: PostgreSQL 9.1 server plug-in

Answer 1

在Ubuntu官方存储库中，只有PostgreSQL 9.1可用。这就是为什么找不到它。

为了在使用apt的VPS中获得PostgreSQL v9.2，您应该遵循Ubuntu 这里的官方PostgreSQL过程。

它包括添加PostgreSQL正式存储库作为您的存储库源之一。

1. 创建文件/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
2. 插入这一行deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main
3. 导入存储库签名密钥wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
4. 刷新存储库缓存sudo apt-get update

现在您可以简单地做sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2了

Answer 2

您能够使用不同的存储库在不同的操作系统上安装postgresql-9.2.3这一事实与此无关。

如果您使用web或通过Ubuntu储存库查询apt，您会注意到随quantal提供的版本为9.1。

postgresql-9.2.3之所以不能以quantal格式提供，确切原因是它在冻结时在发布的发行版中未被接受。

要在Ubuntu中使用postgresql-9.2.3，您需要自己编译它。有几种方法可以做到这一点，比如支持或打包上游版本，使用checkinstall或fpm。