升级Gentoo时的依赖冲突

Question

当我试图升级Gentoo系统时，我发现了以下错误：

WARNING: One or more updates/rebuilds have been skipped due to a dependency conflict:

sys-libs/zlib:0

  (sys-libs/zlib-1.2.11-r1:0/1::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    sys-libs/zlib[minizip] required by (dev-qt/qtwebengine-5.7.1-r2:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                  ^^^^^^^ 
    sys-libs/zlib[minizip] required by (net-im/psi-1.3:0/0::gentoo, installed)
                  ^^^^^^^ 

media-libs/libvpx:0

  (media-libs/libvpx-1.5.0:0/3::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    >=media-libs/libvpx-1.5:=[svc] required by (dev-qt/qtwebengine-5.7.1-r2:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                              ^^^ 
    >=media-libs/libvpx-1.5:0/3=[svc] required by (dev-qt/qtwebengine-5.7.1-r2:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                                 ^^^ 

dev-qt/qtcore:5

  (dev-qt/qtcore-5.7.1-r3:5/5.7::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    ~dev-qt/qtcore-5.7.1[icu] required by (dev-qt/qtwebkit-5.7.1:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                         ^^^ 

media-video/ffmpeg:0

  (media-video/ffmpeg-3.3.5:0/55.57.57::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    >=media-video/ffmpeg-2.6.3[webp,v4l] required by (net-im/qtox-1.11.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
                               ^^^^ ^^^ 

dev-libs/libpcre:3

  (dev-libs/libpcre-8.41:3/3::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    >=dev-libs/libpcre-8.38[pcre16,unicode] required by (dev-qt/qtcore-5.7.1-r3:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                            ^^^^^^         

app-text/poppler:0

  (app-text/poppler-0.56.0:0/67::dantrell-gnome, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    app-text/poppler:=[qt5] required by (app-office/texmaker-4.5-r2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
                       ^^^ 
    app-text/poppler:0/67=[qt5] required by (app-office/texmaker-4.5-r2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
                           ^^^ 


!!! The following installed packages are masked:
- dev-vcs/monotone-1.0-r4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
/usr/portage/profiles/package.mask:
# Pacho Ramos <pacho@gentoo.org> (28 Dec 2017)
# Multiple build failures and bugs (#634316), fails with recent lua
# (#434242), init script is buggy (#496724), bash completion files installed
# wrongly (#526280), fails with newer botan (#537572). Removal in a month.

For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge
man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.

如何解决这种依赖冲突？

Answer 1

^^^'s所指出的是，有一些包依赖项需要启用某些使用标志。例如：

sys-libs/zlib:0

  (sys-libs/zlib-1.2.11-r1:0/1::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
    sys-libs/zlib[minizip] required by (dev-qt/qtwebengine-5.7.1-r2:5/5.7::gentoo, installed)
                  ^^^^^^^ 
    sys-libs/zlib[minizip] required by (net-im/psi-1.3:0/0::gentoo, installed)

在上面的示例中，qtwebengine和psi依赖于使用minizip USE标志编译的zlib。

要解决这个问题，您需要将预期的USE标志(S)添加到您的make.conf中--在旧的Gentoo安装中--文件位于/etc/make.conf，在/etc/portage/make.conf的较新安装上。

此文件包含一个带有空格分隔的标志列表的USE变量.因此，首先检查所讨论的标志是否在列表中，但以一个破折号(-)作为前缀，这意味着禁用标志。如果是这样的话，您将需要删除破折号以启用标志。另一方面，如果没有列出标志，那么只需添加它。