当旧包处于较高优先级源时，如何解决较新的包依赖关系？

Question

当试图更新“统一”包(以及其他一些相关的包，包括unity-2d和libunity-2d-private0)时，apt-get告诉我不能更新，因为所需的依赖项是libxi6 > 2:1.6.99.1，但实际安装的版本是2:1.6.0-0ubuntu2.1。

我已经运行了apt-cache policy libxi6，我可以在“更新”源代码中看到2:1.7.1.901-1ubuntu1~precise1版本，但是我安装的版本来自“安全性”源代码。遗憾的是，我的安全源比我的更新源(900)具有更高的优先级(990)，因此apt-get似乎无法解决依赖问题。

我在Launchpad上看不到关于这种依赖故障的任何问题，因为我希望在精确更新中的统一版本需要一个安全可用的libxi6，或者有一个具有正确依赖关系的统一包。

/etc/apt/优惠的内容。d/*：

    Package: *
    Pin: release a=precise-security
    Pin-Priority: 990

    Package: *
    Pin: release a=precise-updates
    Pin-Priority: 900

    Package: *
    Pin: release a=precise-proposed
    Pin-Priority: 400

apt-cache policy的输出：

 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/steam/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-commercial-ppa-uploaders-steam,a=precise,n=precise,l=Steam,c=main
     origin private-ppa.launchpad.net
 500 https://private-ppa.launchpad.net/commercial-ppa-uploaders/steam/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-commercial-ppa-uploaders-steam,a=precise,n=precise,l=Steam,c=main
     origin private-ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://dl.google.com/linux/talkplugin/deb/ stable/main i386 Packages
     release v=1.0,o=Google, Inc.,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main
     origin dl.google.com
 500 http://dl.google.com/linux/talkplugin/deb/ stable/main amd64 Packages
     release v=1.0,o=Google, Inc.,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main
     origin dl.google.com
 500 http://repository.spotify.com/ stable/non-free i386 Packages
     release c=non-free
     origin repository.spotify.com
 500 http://repository.spotify.com/ stable/non-free amd64 Packages
     release c=non-free
     origin repository.spotify.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/universe Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/universe Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/restricted Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/restricted Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/multiverse Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/multiverse Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/main Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/main Translation-en
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/universe i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 400 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-proposed,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ precise/partner i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Canonical,a=precise,n=precise,l=Partner archive,c=partner
     origin archive.canonical.com
 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ precise/partner amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Canonical,a=precise,n=precise,l=Partner archive,c=partner
     origin archive.canonical.com
 500 http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-app-review-board,a=precise,n=precise,l=Application Review Board PPA,c=main
     origin extras.ubuntu.com
 500 http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-app-review-board,a=precise,n=precise,l=Application Review Board PPA,c=main
     origin extras.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe Translation-en
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/restricted Translation-en
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/multiverse Translation-en
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main Translation-en
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 990 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-security,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/universe Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/restricted Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/main Translation-en
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/universe i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-backports,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/universe Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/universe Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main Translation-en
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/universe i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 900 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise-updates,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/restricted Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/restricted Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/multiverse Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/multiverse Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main Translation-en_GB
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main Translation-en
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.04,o=Ubuntu,a=precise,n=precise,l=Ubuntu,c=main
     origin gb.archive.ubuntu.com

Answer 1

Package: *
Pin: release a=precise-security
Pin-Priority: 990

这里有个问题。安全包总是具有较高的版本字符串。一直都是。您不需要设置软件包钉扎，以更喜欢这些包。除非任何用户偏好限制这种行为，否则APT将始终安装更高的可用版本，这就是您正在做的事情。

我不知道你想用这些包裹做些什么，但它们会让你头疼。软件包钉扎是为不同的包源(即Ubuntu和某种PPA)设计的，通常倾向于操纵非官方源的优先级。建议的存储库总具有较低的优先级，安全存储库每天都有自动升级功能。

我建议您降低PPA优先级(如果这是您想要控制的)，而不是修改Ubuntu存储库。

如果你不想改变任何事情，你可以使用以下方法强迫你的愿望与你的愿望相结合：

sudo apt-get install libxi6=2:1.7.1.901-1ubuntu1~precise1

或

sudo apt-get install libxi6/precise-updates

但是请记住，更新存储库总是会有安全存储库所做的所有更改。