单元测试某些任务是在过程中完成的。

Question

我有一些Scala代码，我希望使用ScalaMock进行单元测试：

class CancellationManagerSpec extends FlatSpec with MockFactory {

  "Cancelling a shipment" should "check shipment is not already shipped" in {

    val manager = mock[CancellationsManager]
    (manager.checkStatus _).expects(*, *).returning(true).once()

    val request = CancellationRequestedEvent("shipmentNumber")
    manager.processCancellation(request)
  }
}

测试失败：

[info] - should complete a series of tasks in happy case *** FAILED ***
[info]   Unexpected call: <mock-6> CancellationsManager.processCancellation(CancellationRequestedEvent(shipmentNumber))
[info]   
[info]   Expected:
[info]   inAnyOrder {
[info]     <mock-6> CancellationsManager.checkStatus(*, *) once (never called - UNSATISFIED)
[info]   }
[info]   
[info]   Actual:
[info]     <mock-6> CancellationsManager.processCancellation(CancellationRequestedEvent(shipmentNumber)) (Option.scala:121)

我想测试，当我处理取消时，某些任务已经完成。更广泛地说，有这样的逻辑我想要测试：

class SalesOrderShippedProcess {
  def execute(salesOrder: SalesOrder): Unit = {
    if (doTask1() && doTask2()) {
      doTask3()
      doTask4()
      doTask5()
    }
  }

  def doTask1(): Boolean = ???
  def doTask2(): Boolean = ???
  def doTask3(): Boolean = ???
  def doTask4(): Boolean = ???
  def doTask5(): Boolean = ???
}

对于某些进程，我想要检查任务3、4和5只在任务1和2成功时才能完成，即使任务3失败，任务4和5也应该执行。

最好的测试方法是什么？因为我直接调用模拟对象的方法，所以失败了吗？我是否需要将所有的任务方法移到它自己的类中，然后模拟它，这对我来说有点奇怪，只是为了能够为它编写一个测试？

Answer 1

是的，您这样做是错误的-您应该在实际对象上调用一个方法(在您的例子中是CancellationsManager )，而不是在模拟上。所以你的测试看起来有点像：

it should "check the status when an order is cancelled" in {
  val manager = new CancellationManager();
  val request = new CancellationRequestedEvent("shipmentId");

  manager.processCancellation(request);

  (manager.checkStatus _).expects(*, *).returning(true).once()
}

模拟的存在是为了替换被测试对象的依赖关系，而不是对象本身--例如，如果您的CancellationManager依赖于一个ShipmentFinder，您将模拟出ShipmentFinder，以便您只测试CancellationManager代码，而不是它的所有依赖项。