测量并基准安装NFS共享上文件访问的速度和延迟

Question

我有一个Linux Centos系统，它安装了一些NFS共享，在从该共享读取和写入文件时，我可以使用什么技术来测量I/O速度/延迟/速率？这种技术也能应用到本地硬盘上进行比较吗？

Answer 1

在从共享中读取和写入文件时，我可以使用什么技术来测量I/O速度/延迟/速率？

您可以使用dd来完成以下操作：

# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/nfs/testfile bs=16k count=128k
131072+0 records in
131072+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 111.656 seconds, 19.2 MB/s

real    1m51.678s
user    0m0.066s
sys 0m1.482s

# time dd if=/mnt/nfs/testfile of=/dev/null bs=16k
131072+0 records in
131072+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 4.96762 seconds, 432 MB/s

real    0m4.969s
user    0m0.046s
sys 0m0.720s

(文件大小= bs * count应该是内存的两倍)

或者看看一些基准测试工具：Bonnie++，IOzone，for：

# bonnie++ -d /mnt/nfs/bonnie/ -s 2048 -r 1024 -u 0
Using uid:0, gid:0.
Writing a byte at a time...done
Writing intelligently...done
Rewriting...done
Reading a byte at a time...done
Reading intelligently...done
start 'em...done...done...done...done...done...
Create files in sequential order...done.
Stat files in sequential order...done.
Delete files in sequential order...done.
Create files in random order...done.
Stat files in random order...done.
Delete files in random order...done.
Version  1.96       ------Sequential Output------ --Sequential Input- --Random-
Concurrency   1     -Per Chr- --Block-- -Rewrite- -Per Chr- --Block-- --Seeks--
Machine        Size K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP K/sec %CP  /sec %CP
svr201NTC-647.lo 2G  1473  96 46620   3 48033   4  1785  99 3525478 100 +++++ +++
Latency              8647us      86us     268us    5064us      66us   23566us
Version  1.96       ------Sequential Create------ --------Random Create--------
svr201NTC-647.local -Create-- --Read--- -Delete-- -Create-- --Read--- -Delete--
              files  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP  /sec %CP
                 16   580   2  5742  13   429   2   423   1  7540  12   392   1
Latency               244ms   22747us    4549ms    3849ms    1641us     999ms
1.96,1.96,svr201NTC-647.localdomain,1,1319514624,2G,,1473,96,46620,3,48033,4,1785,99,3525478,100,+++++,+++,16,,,,,580,2,5742,13,429,2,423,1,7540,12,392,1,8647us,86us,268us,5064us,66us,23566us,244ms,22747us,4549ms,3849ms,1641us,999ms

# iozone -aRcU /mnt/nfs/ -f /mnt/nfs/testfile > logfile

更多细节：http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/ar01s05.html

这种技术也能应用到本地硬盘上进行比较吗？

当然，您可以使用它对本地硬盘进行基准测试，以便进行比较。