替换z池中的死磁盘

Question

我正在使用本机ZFS运行UbuntuServer13.04 64位。我有一个由4个硬盘驱动器组成的zpool，其中一个昨天就死了，现在操作系统和BIOS不再认可我了。

不幸的是，在下一次重新启动之后，我才看到了这个问题，所以现在驱动器标签丢失了，我无法使用官方指令这里和这里替换磁盘。

zpool status hermes -x

版画

root@zeus:~# zpool status hermes -x
  pool: hermes
 state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices could not be used because the label is missing or
        invalid.  Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue
        functioning in a degraded state.
action: Replace the device using 'zpool replace'.
   see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-4J
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 2h4m with 0 errors on Sun Jun  9 00:28:24 2013
config:

        NAME                         STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        hermes                       DEGRADED     0     0     0
          raidz1-0                   DEGRADED     0     0     0
            ata-ST3300620A_5QF0MJFP  ONLINE       0     0     0
            ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X  UNAVAIL      0     0     0
            ata-ST3200822A_5LJ1CHMS  ONLINE       0     0     0
            ata-ST3200822A_3LJ0189C  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors

我已经用一个新的驱动器替换了这个驱动器(它的标签是/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3500320AS_9QM03ATQ)

任何一条命令

zpool replace hermes /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3500320AS_9QM03ATQ
zpool offline hermes /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X
zpool detatch hermes /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X

失败与

root@zeus:~# zpool offline hermes /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X
cannot offline /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X: no such device in pool

因为死了的驱动器的标签不再存在于系统中，我还尝试了上面的命令，忽略驱动器标签的路径，但没有效果。

我如何替换“鬼”磁盘？

Answer 1

经过今晚没完没了的挖掘，我终于找到了解决办法。简单地说，您可以使用zpool命令使用磁盘的GUID(即使在断开驱动器之后仍然存在)。

长答案:我使用zdb命令获得磁盘的GUID，该命令为我提供了以下输出

root@zeus:/dev# zdb
hermes:
    version: 28
    name: 'hermes'
    state: 0
    txg: 162804
    pool_guid: 14829240649900366534
    hostname: 'zeus'
    vdev_children: 1
    vdev_tree:
        type: 'root'
        id: 0
        guid: 14829240649900366534
        children[0]:
            type: 'raidz'
            id: 0
            guid: 5355850150368902284
            nparity: 1
            metaslab_array: 31
            metaslab_shift: 32
            ashift: 9
            asize: 791588896768
            is_log: 0
            create_txg: 4
            children[0]:
                type: 'disk'
                id: 0
                guid: 11426107064765252810
                path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300620A_5QF0MJFP-part2'
                phys_path: '/dev/gptid/73b31683-537f-11e2-bad7-50465d4eb8b0'
                whole_disk: 1
                create_txg: 4
            children[1]:
                type: 'disk'
                id: 1
                guid: 15935140517898495532
                path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X-part2'
                phys_path: '/dev/gptid/746c949a-537f-11e2-bad7-50465d4eb8b0'
                whole_disk: 1
                create_txg: 4
            children[2]:
                type: 'disk'
                id: 2
                guid: 7183706725091321492
                path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3200822A_5LJ1CHMS-part2'
                phys_path: '/dev/gptid/7541115a-537f-11e2-bad7-50465d4eb8b0'
                whole_disk: 1
                create_txg: 4
            children[3]:
                type: 'disk'
                id: 3
                guid: 17196042497722925662
                path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3200822A_3LJ0189C-part2'
                phys_path: '/dev/gptid/760a94ee-537f-11e2-bad7-50465d4eb8b0'
                whole_disk: 1
                create_txg: 4
    features_for_read:

我正在寻找的GUID是15935140517898495532，它使我能够完成

root@zeus:/dev# zpool offline hermes 15935140517898495532
root@zeus:/dev# zpool status
  pool: hermes
 state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has been taken offline by the administrator.
        Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a
        degraded state.
action: Online the device using 'zpool online' or replace the device with
        'zpool replace'.
  scan: scrub repaired 0 in 2h4m with 0 errors on Sun Jun  9 00:28:24 2013
config:

        NAME                         STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        hermes                       DEGRADED     0     0     0
          raidz1-0                   DEGRADED     0     0     0
            ata-ST3300620A_5QF0MJFP  ONLINE       0     0     0
            ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X  OFFLINE      0     0     0
            ata-ST3200822A_5LJ1CHMS  ONLINE       0     0     0
            ata-ST3200822A_3LJ0189C  ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors

然后

root@zeus:/dev# zpool replace hermes 15935140517898495532 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3500320AS_9QM03ATQ
root@zeus:/dev# zpool status
  pool: hermes
 state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices is currently being resilvered.  The pool will
        continue to function, possibly in a degraded state.
action: Wait for the resilver to complete.
  scan: resilver in progress since Sun Jun  9 01:44:36 2013
    408M scanned out of 419G at 20,4M/s, 5h50m to go
    101M resilvered, 0,10% done
config:

        NAME                            STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        hermes                          DEGRADED     0     0     0
          raidz1-0                      DEGRADED     0     0     0
            ata-ST3300620A_5QF0MJFP     ONLINE       0     0     0
            replacing-1                 OFFLINE      0     0     0
              ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X   OFFLINE      0     0     0
              ata-ST3500320AS_9QM03ATQ  ONLINE       0     0     0  (resilvering)
            ata-ST3200822A_5LJ1CHMS     ONLINE       0     0     0
            ata-ST3200822A_3LJ0189C     ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: No known data errors

收银工作完成后，一切又顺利了。最好包含这样的信息，您可以使用通过zdb通过zpool命令获得的磁盘GUID，以及zpool的命令页。

编辑

正如durval在下面指出的那样，zdb命令可能不会输出任何内容。然后你可以试着用

zdb -l /dev/<name-of-device>

显式列出有关设备的信息(即使该设备已从系统中丢失)。

Answer 2

问题是磁盘是由ids而不是设备引用的。

以下是一个应该有效的解决办法：

ln -s /dev/null /dev/ata-ST3300831A_5NF0552X
zpool export hermes
zpool import hermes
zpool status
# note the new device name that should appear here
zpool offline hermes xxxx
zpool replace hermes xxxx /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST3500320AS_9QM03ATQ

编辑:我迟到30秒.

Answer 3

我也有过类似的问题：

驱动器失败的方式，它不再注册在BIOS (完全死)。zpool status表明它是UNAVAILABLE。

我安装了一个类似的容量驱动器，并设法将其分配为一个新的spare，即INUSE，并对驱动器进行了重新处理。但是，它实际上并不是zpool的一部分，而是存储了丢失的驱动器的记忆，认为它总有一天会再次出现。

解决方案是首先从zpool中删除丢失的驱动器：

[root@hactar ~]# zpool detach hactar_data /dev/gptid/87410b00-adb0-11e6-9193-00241d738094  

然后，删除标记为spare-1 INUSE的驱动器：

[root@hactar ~]# zpool detach hactar_data /dev/gptid/f2089b59-2654-11e5-8d99-00241d738094

一旦我这样做了，看起来FreeNAS不需要执行replace命令就能解决这个问题，但是如果您的系统本身没有解决这个问题，下面的命令应该将一个设备替换为另一个设备：

zpool replace {your_poolname} {drive to be replaced} {new drive to take its place}

例如：

zpool replace hactar_data /dev/gptid/87410b00-adb0-11e6-9193-00241d738094 /dev/gptid/87410b00-adb0-11e6-9193-00241d
738094

• gptids来自我的zpool status命令。