Pico-8播放器和场景

Question

我最近开始用Pico-8编程游戏来学习Lua。这是很有趣的，但现在是时候学习一些更强大的实用程序，让事情更智能，更少的冗余。

我是一个绝对的初学者，试图正确地形成这个嵌套的for循环。任何帮助都将是惊人的，并帮助我转移到新的想法和概念。

如果需要/允许，我可以共享完整代码的链接。

下面是代码：

 function _init()
 mom = {}
 dad = {}
 -- variable to adjust x and y offset for checking solid tiles when
 -- changing the level (default is 0, which aims at level 1)
 levelpixeloffset_x = 0
 levelpixeloffset_y = 0
 --set which scene stage to display / where actors are placed
 scene = {}
 scene.counter = 1
 -- player variables
 player = {}
  player.sprite = 1
  player.speed = 0.8
  player.movingup = false
  player.spritecounterup = 0
  player.movingdown = false
  player.spritecounterdown = 0
  player.movingleft = false
  player.spritecounterleft = 0
  player.movingright = false
  player.spritecounterright = 0
  player.x = 60
  player.y = 74
  player.w = 8
  player.h = 8
 -- island scene campfire variables
 campfire = {}
  campfire.counter = 1
  campfire.sprite = 13
 -- island scene wave variables
 wave = {}
  wave.counter = 1
  wave.sprite = 86
 -- island scene garden variables
 garden = {}
  garden.counter = 1
  garden.sprite = 32
 -- establishes standard tile width and height
 tile_w = 8
 tile_h = 8
end

-- constantly running loop during gameplay
function _update()
 if scene.counter == 1 then
  islandscene()
 end
 if scene.counter == 2 then
  desertscene()
 end
 playermovement()
 --mom_repel()
 --dad_repel()
 --campfire_repel()
 player_repel()
end

-- draws screen
function _draw()
 cls()
 draw_background()
end

-- checks for solid map tiles, the flag1 state of which are referenced
-- in the btn press check in playermovement(). if flag1 is set, sprite
-- map tiles are solid, and the player collides with them by affecting
-- the players response to btn presses. levelpixeloffset_x and
-- levelpixeloffset_y need to be adjusted as appropriate when changing
-- the "level" or where the screen is drawing and the actors are placed
function solid_tile(x,y)
 local tile_x = ((x - (x % 8)) / 8) + levelpixeloffset_x
 local tile_y = ((y - (y % 8)) / 8) + levelpixeloffset_y
 if(fget(mget(tile_x, tile_y), 0)) then
  return true else
     return false
  end
end

-- draws backround of current scene
function draw_background()
 cls()
 if scene.counter == 1 then
-- island scene sprites and map
  map(0,0,0,0)
  spr(player.sprite, player.x, player.y)
  spr(mom.sprite, mom.x, mom.y)
  spr(dad.sprite, dad.x, dad.y)
  spr(garden.sprite, 28, 85)
  spr(garden.sprite, 28, 75)
  spr(campfire.sprite, campfire.x, campfire.y)
  spr(wave.sprite, 8, 8)
  spr(wave.sprite, 16, 16)
  spr(wave.sprite, 40, 8)
  spr(wave.sprite, 80, 0)
  spr(wave.sprite, 96, 8)
  spr(wave.sprite, 112, 16)
  spr(wave.sprite, 0, 112)
  spr(wave.sprite, 8, 120)
  spr(wave.sprite, 24, 120)
  spr(wave.sprite, 104, 120)
  spr(wave.sprite, 112, 112)
  spr(wave.sprite, 120, 64)
  spr(wave.sprite, 0, 72)
  spr(wave.sprite, 0, 48)
 end
 if scene.counter == 2 then
  -- desert scene sprites and map
  map(16,0,0,0)
  spr(player.sprite, player.x, player.y)
  spr(mom.sprite, mom.x, mom.y)
  spr(dad.sprite, dad.x, dad.y)
 end
end

----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
-- player animation and control section-------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------

--manages all player controlled input and responses
function playermovement()
-- push button test - currently used to change camera / scene (use z)
if btnp(4) then
 scene.counter += 1
end
--move left
 if btn(0) then
  --map collision check
    if (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 1)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 2)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 3)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 4)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 5)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 6)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 7)) == false
    then
     player.x -= player.speed
    end
    moveleft()
 end
--move right
 if btn(1) then
    --map collision check
  if(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 2)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 3)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 4)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 5)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 6)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + 7)) == false
    then
     player.x += player.speed
    end
  moveright()
 end
--move up
 if btn(2) then
    --map collision check
  if(solid_tile(player.x, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 1, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 2, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 3, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 4, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 5, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 6, player.y - 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 7, player.y - 1)) == false
    then
     player.y -= player.speed
    end
    moveup()
 end
--move down
 if btn(3) then
    --map collision check
  if(solid_tile(player.x, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 1, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 2, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 3, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 4, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 5, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 6, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    and(solid_tile(player.x + 7, player.y + player.h + 1)) == false
    then
     player.y += player.speed
    end
    movedown()
 end
end

-- animates player while moving up
function moveup()
 player.movingup = true
 player.spritecounterup += 1
 if player.spritecounterup > 0 then
  player.sprite = 4
 end
 if player.spritecounterup > 4 then
  player.sprite = 5
 end
 if player.spritecounterup > 8 then
  player.sprite = 4
 end
 if player.spritecounterup > 12 then
  player.sprite = 6
 end
 if player.spritecounterup > 16 then
  player.spritecounterup = 0
 end
end

-- animates player while moving down
function movedown()
 player.movingdown = true
 player.spritecounterdown += 1
 if player.spritecounterdown > 0 then
  player.sprite = 1
 end
 if player.spritecounterdown > 4 then
  player.sprite = 2
 end
 if player.spritecounterdown > 8 then
  player.sprite = 1
 end
 if player.spritecounterdown > 12 then
  player.sprite = 3
 end
 if player.spritecounterdown > 16 then
  player.spritecounterdown = 0
 end
end

-- animates player while moving left
function moveleft()
 player.movingleft = true
 player.spritecounterleft += 1
 if player.spritecounterleft > 0 then
  player.sprite = 10
 end
 if player.spritecounterleft > 4 then
  player.sprite = 11
 end
 if player.spritecounterleft > 8 then
  player.sprite = 10
 end
 if player.spritecounterleft > 12 then
  player.sprite = 12
 end
 if player.spritecounterleft > 16 then
  player.spritecounterleft = 0
 end
end

-- animates player while moving right
function moveright()
 player.movingright = true
 player.spritecounterright += 1
 if player.spritecounterright > 0 then
  player.sprite = 7
 end
 if player.spritecounterright > 4 then
  player.sprite = 8
 end
 if player.spritecounterright > 8 then
  player.sprite = 7
 end
 if player.spritecounterright > 12 then
  player.sprite = 9
 end
 if player.spritecounterright > 16 then
  player.spritecounterright = 0
 end
end

---------------------------------------------------------------------
--Level information functions----------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
function islandscene()
 if scene.counter == 1 then
  waveshift()
  gardenshift()
  campfireshift()
  -- island scene mom variables
  mom.sprite = 29
  mom.x = 74
  mom.y = 64
  -- island scene dad variables
  dad.sprite = 45
  dad.x = 94
  dad.y = 64
  -- island scene campfire variables
  campfire.x = 100
  campfire.y = 45
 end
end

function desertscene()
 if scene.counter == 2 then
  levelpixeloffset_x = 16
  levelpixeloffset_y = 0
  -- desert scene mom variables
  mom.sprite = 29
  mom.x = 30
  mom.y = 64
  mom.w = 8
  mom.h = 8
  -- desert scene dad variables
  dad.sprite = 45
  dad.x = 39
  dad.y = 64
  dad.w = 8
  dad.h = 8
 end
end

---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
--utility functions--------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------

-- player-repelling force anchored at island scene mom
function mom_repel()
 if (player.x-1) > (mom.x) and (player.x-1) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y+1) > (mom.y) and (player.y+1) < (mom.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 2) > (mom.x) and (player.x + 2) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 2) > (mom.y) and (player.y + 2) < (mom.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x - 3) > (mom.x) and (player.x - 3) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y - 3) > (mom.y) and (player.y - 3) < (mom.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 4) > (mom.x) and (player.x + 4) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 4) > (mom.y) and (player.y + 4) < (mom.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 5) > (mom.x) and (player.x + 5) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 5) > (mom.y) and (player.y + 5) < (mom.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 6) > (mom.x) and (player.x + 6) < (mom.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 6) > (mom.y) and (player.y + 6) < (mom.y + tile_h) then
  if player.x < mom.x then
   player.x -= 0.55
  end
  if player.x > mom.x then
   player.x += 0.55
  end
  if player.y < mom.y then
   player.y -= 0.55
  end
  if player.y > mom.y then
   player.y += 0.55
  end
 end
end

-- player-repelling force anchored at island scene dad
function dad_repel()
 if (player.x-1) > (dad.x) and (player.x-1) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y+1) > (dad.y) and (player.y+1) < (dad.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 2) > (dad.x) and (player.x + 2) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 2) > (dad.y) and (player.y + 2) < (dad.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x - 3) > (dad.x) and (player.x - 3) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y - 3) > (dad.y) and (player.y - 3) < (dad.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 4) > (dad.x) and (player.x + 4) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 4) > (dad.y) and (player.y + 4) < (dad.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 5) > (dad.x) and (player.x + 5) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 5) > (dad.y) and (player.y + 5) < (dad.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 6) > (dad.x) and (player.x + 6) < (dad.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 6) > (dad.y) and (player.y + 6) < (dad.y + tile_h) then
  if player.x < dad.x then
   player.x -= 0.55
  end
  if player.x > dad.x then
   player.x += 0.55
  end
  if player.y < dad.y then
  player.y -= 0.55
  end
  if player.y > dad.y then
  player.y += 0.55
  end
 end
end

-- player-repelling force anchored at island scene campfire
function campfire_repel()
 if (player.x-1) > (campfire.x) and (player.x-1) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y+1) > (campfire.y) and (player.y+1) < (campfire.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 2) > (campfire.x) and (player.x + 2) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 2) > (campfire.y) and (player.y + 2) < (campfire.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x - 3) > (campfire.x) and (player.x - 3) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y - 3) > (campfire.y) and (player.y - 3) < (campfire.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 4) > (campfire.x) and (player.x + 4) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 4) > (campfire.y) and (player.y + 4) < (campfire.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 5) > (campfire.x) and (player.x + 5) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 5) > (campfire.y) and (player.y + 5) < (campfire.y + tile_h)
 or (player.x + 6) > (campfire.x) and (player.x + 6) < (campfire.x + tile_w)
 and (player.y + 6) > (campfire.y) and (player.y + 6) < (campfire.y + tile_h) then
  if player.x < campfire.x then
   player.x -= 0.55
  end
  if player.x > campfire.x then
   player.x += 0.55
  end
  if player.y < campfire.y then
   player.y -= 0.55
  end
  if player.y > campfire.y then
   player.y += 0.55
  end
 end
end

-- attempt at transforming existing "repel" forces into single function
-- with "for" loop
-- o = origin of repel force, a = area around origin's x/y coordinates
function player_repel()
 for o in all(mom, dad, campfire) do
  for a = -1,7 do
   if player.x - a > o.x and player.y - a < o.x + o.w
   and player.y - a > o.y and player.y - a < o.y + o.h then
    if player.x < o.x then player.x -= 0.55 end
    if player.x > o.x then player.x += 0.55 end
    if player.y < o.y then player.y -= 0.55 end
    if player.y > o.y then player.y += 0.55 end
   end
  end
 end
end

-- makes island scene campfire shift
function campfireshift()
 campfire.counter += 1
 if campfire.counter > 0 then
  campfire.sprite = 13
 end
 if campfire.counter > 4 then
  campfire.sprite = 14
 end
 if campfire.counter > 6 then
  campfire.sprite = 15
 end
 if campfire.counter > 9 then
  campfire.counter = 0
 end
end

-- makes island scene garden shift
function gardenshift()
 garden.counter += 1
 if garden.counter > 32 then
  garden.sprite = 33
 end
 if garden.counter > 64 then
    garden.counter = 0
 end
 if garden.counter < 1 then
  garden.sprite = 32
 end
end

-- makes island scene waves shift
function waveshift()
 wave.counter += 1
 if wave.counter > 24 then
  wave.sprite = 102
 end
 if wave.counter > 48 then
  wave.counter = 0
 end
 if wave.counter < 1 then
  wave.sprite = 86
 end
end

Answer 1

您可以简化一些嵌套的"if语句“：

if (solid_tile(player.x, player.y)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 1)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 2)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 3)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 4)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 5)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 6)) == false
    and (solid_tile(player.x - 1, player.y + 7)) == false
    then
     player.x -= player.speed
    end

你可以这样写：

flag = true
for i=0,7,1 do
  if solid_tile(player.x + player.w, player.y + i)) ~= false then
    flag = false
  end
end
if flag then
  player.x += player.speed
end